Blockchain Technology

Outline
• Blockchain Technology
• History and Evolution of Blockchain
• Key Characteristics of Blockchain
• How Blockchain Works
• Consensus Mechanisms in Blockchain
• Cryptography
• Smart Contract in Blockchain
• Types of Blockchains
• Applications of Blockchain
• Challenges of Blockchain
• The Future of Blockchain
• Conclusion By Kham
What is Blockchain
Technology?

Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that revolutionizes data storage

and security. It's a decentralized, distributed ledger that records
transactions across a network of computers.
History and Evolution of Blockchain

2008
Bitcoin - the first cryptocurrency - is introduced by the pseudonymous Satoshi
1 Nakamoto.

2009
2 The Bitcoin blockchain is launched, allowing for secure, decentralized
transactions.

2013-2014
3 Ethereum blockchain is developed, expanding blockchain
applications beyond cryptocurrencies.

2015-Present
Widespread adoption of blockchain technology across
4
various industries like finance, supply chain, healthcare.
Key Characteristics of Blockchain
Decentralization
Blockchain is a decentralized, peer-
to-peer network where transactions
are recorded and validated across
many nodes instead of a central
authority.
Security
Blockchain utilizes advanced
cryptography to secure transactions
and protect data, making it highly
resistant to tampering and hacking.
Efficiency
Automated processes and reduced
intermediaries streamline
transactions and improve efficiency.

1 2 3 4 5

Transparency
The blockchain ledger is
transparent, with all network
participants able to view and verify
transactions, enhancing trust and
accountability.
Immutability
Once a transaction is recorded, it
cannot be altered or deleted,
ensuring data integrity.
How Blockchain Works
1 2 3 4

Transaction Verification & Block Creation Chain Formation

Request Validation
Once a block is filled Blocks are linked
A transaction is Nodes on the network with verified together in
initiated by a user and verify the transaction transactions, it's added chronological order,
broadcast to the and add it to a block. to the blockchain. creating a secure and
network. immutable chain.
Consensus Mechanisms in Blockchain
A consensus Mechanism is a system that validates a transaction and marks it as authentic.
Cryptography
Cryptography is the process of coding information to secure it and prevent unauthorized access.

It involves using complex mathematical algorithms to transform the original data .

Cryptography Example 1
Cryptography Example 2
Cryptography Example 3
Smart Contract in Blockchain
A smart contract is a self-executing contract in which the conditions of the buyer-seller agreement are directly written into lines of
code.
Types of Blockchains

Public Blockchains Private Blockchains Consortium Blockchains

Open to anyone, permissionless, and Controlled by a single entity, Shared by a group of organizations,
transparent. Example: Bitcoin permissioned, and not necessarily permissioned, and may offer varying
transparent. Example: Enterprise levels of transparency. Example:
blockchain systems Hyperledger Fabric
Applications of Blockchain

1 Cryptocurrency 2 Supply Chain Management

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies use blockchain for Tracking products from origin to destination,
secure and transparent transactions. improving transparency and reducing fraud.

3 Healthcare 4 Voting Systems

Securely storing and sharing patient data, enhancing Ensuring secure and transparent elections, reducing
privacy and interoperability. the risk of fraud and manipulation.
Challenges of Blockchain

Scalability Regulation Energy Privacy Concerns

Consumption
Handling a large volume The lack of clear Public blockchains can
of transactions can be regulatory frameworks Some blockchain reveal transaction details,
challenging, impacting can create uncertainty technologies, like Proof- raising privacy concerns
performance. and hinder adoption. of-Work, consume for users.
significant energy
resources.
The Future of Blockchain

Interoperability Data Privacy Global Adoption AI Integration

Different blockchain Advanced privacy- Blockchain will be widely AI will enhance blockchain
networks will be able to preserving technologies adopted across industries functionality, automating
interact seamlessly. will be developed and and sectors. processes and optimizing
implemented. performance.
Conclusion
Blockchain is a decentralized and distributed digital ledger technology
that records transactions across many computers in such a way that the
registered transactions cannot be altered retroactively. This ensures
transparency, security, and integrity of the data without the need for a
central authority.