ANTI PROTOZOAL AGENTS

❖ Antiprotozoal agents is a class of pharmaceuticals used

in treatment of protozoan infection.
❖ Protozoans have little in common with each other and so
agents effective against one pathogen may not be
effective against another
❖ Ex:Amoebiasis,Malaria, Leishmaniasis.Trypanosomiasis.
❖ toxoplasmosis
ANTI PROTOZOAL AGENTS
 CLASSIFICATION

Imidazole: Metronidazole, Ornidazole, Tinidazole

Furan analogs: Diloxanide furoate
Quinoline: Iodoquinol
Pentanoic acid: Eflornithine
Miscellaneous:Atovaquone,Isoethionate, Pentamidine
 METRONIDAZOLE

IUPAC 2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethanol
NAME
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

It is frequently used to treat gastrointestinal infections as well as

USES trichomoniasis and giardiasis, and amebiasis which are parasitic
infections
 TINIDAZOLE

IUPAC 1-(2-ethylsulfonylethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole
NAME
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

It is used against protozoal infections.

USES
 ORNIDAZOLE

IUPAC 1-chloro-3-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol
NAME
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

USES ORNIDAZOLE is used to treat people who have certain types of vaginal, urinary tract
and intestinal infections, or some specific infections that are in the body.
 DILOXANIDE

IUPAC [4-[(2,2-dichloroacetyl)-methylamino]phenyl] furan-2-

NAME carboxylate

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

USES Diloxanide is used to treat an infection caused by a very small living

organism (amoeba) called Entamoeba histolytica
 DILOXANIDE

IUPAC [4-[(2,2-dichloroacetyl)-methylamino]phenyl] furan-2-

NAME carboxylate

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

USES Diloxanide is used to treat an infection caused by a very small living

organism (amoeba) called Entamoeba histolytica
 IODOQUINOL

IUPAC 5,7-diiodoquinolin-8-ol
NAME
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Diiodohydroxyquinoline, also known as uidoquinol and iodoquinol,

USES is a quinoline derivative that can be used in the treatment of
amoebiasis.
 PENTAMIDINE

IUPAC 4-[5-(4-
NAME carbamimidoylphenoxy)pentoxy]benzenecarboximida
mide
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

It is used to treat African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis,

USES Balamuthia infections, babesiosis, and to prevent and treat
pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
 ISETHIONATE

IUPAC sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
NAME
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Hydroxystilbamidine isethionate is used in the therapy of some patients with

nonprogressive blastomycosis of the skin, and pulmonary or systemic blastomycosis in
children, with fewer side effects than amphotericin B
USES
 ATOVAQUONE

IUPAC 3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-4-
NAME hydroxynaphthalene-1,2-dione

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Atovaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone, or an analog of ubiquinone, that has

USES antimicrobial and antipneumocystis activity. It is being used in antimalarial protocols.
 EFLORNITHINE

IUPAC 2,5-diamino-2-(difluoromethyl)pentanoic acid

NAME
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Eflornithine is a prescription drug indicated in the treatment of facial hirsutism

USES (excessive hair growth). Eflornithine hydrochloride cream for topical application is
intended for use in women suffering from facial hirsutism