NAME: Getrude Dogbe

Samuel Ofori

Topic: Allergies
ALLERGY
An allergy is a condition in which the immune system reacts
abnormally to a foreign substance.

• Types of Allergies
• Drug allergy
• Food allergy
• Contact dermatitis
• Latex allergy
• Asthmatic allergy
• Animal allergy
• Seasonal allergy
1. DRUG ALLERGIES
Is the abnormal reaction of the immune system to a medication. With this, the allergic reaction is mild.

Symptoms
• Hives, ash and fever are common symptoms.
• Fever, itching, nausea, runny nose, swelling, watery eyes, or wheeze
• Requires medical diagnosis

Treatment
• Treatment involves discontinuing the medication that is causing the reaction.
• Other medication can reduce the allergy symptoms, such as antihistamines. In severe cases, bronchodilators or
adrenalin may be required.
• Antihistamines redues or stops allergic reaction
2. FOOD ALLERGIES
are unpleasant or dangerous immune system reaction after a certain food is eaten.The cause of food
allergies is unknown. In some cases, allergies experienced during childhood may resolve in adulthood.

Symptoms
• feeling dizzy or lightheaded.
• itchy skin or a raised rash (hives)
• swelling of the lips, face and eyes (angioedema)
• sneezing or an itchy, runny or blocked nose, tummy pain.
• diarrhoea.
Treatment
• Antihistamine drugs treat mild reactions. A severe reaction needs an injection of the drug epinephrine
and emergency room care.
• Avoid specific foods
• Always read labels
• Dine out defensively
• Always carry your medication, ideally two doses.
Foods That Help with Seasonal Allergies
• • Citrus fruits, including oranges, kiwi, lemon and grapefruit.
• • Bell peppers ,strawberries and tomatoes.
• • Cruciferous vegetables, including broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage and cauliflower.

Natural Remedies for Relieving Allergy Symptoms

• Stay hydrated. When it is dehydrated, your body produces more histamines (the chemicals that cause
your allergy symptoms), so drinking enough water—at least one-third of your body weight in ounces—
each day is key.
• Eat Vitamin-C-rich foods.
• Green tea
• Caffeine-free hot drinks
• Freshly squeezed orange juice.
• Smoothies
3. CONTACT DERMATITIS
Also knwon as Contact eczema is a skin rash caused by contact with a certain
substance.
• The substance might irritate the skin or trigger an allergic reaction. Some
common culprits include soap, cosmetics, fragrances, jewellery and poison ivy.
• Takes 1-3 days to show up and 2-4 weeks to go away

Symptoms
• The main symptom is a red rash wherever the skin came into contact with the
irritant.
• Leathery patches that are darker than usual (hyperpigmented), typically on
brown or Black skin.
• Dry, cracked, scaly skin, typically on white skin.
• Bumps and blisters, sometimes with oozing and crusting.
• Swelling, burning or tenderness.
Treatment
• Refrain from wearing latex gloves if you have a latex allergy. Opt
for vinyl gloves instead.
• Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants when hiking in the
wilderness.
• If you notice irritation from a new product, stop using it
immediately.
• If you know you have sensitive skin, do a spot test with any new
products. You can apply the new product to one place on your
forearm. Cover the area, and don’t expose it to water or soap.
• Check for any reaction at 48 and then 96 hours after application.
If there’s any redness or irritation, don’t use the product.
Can Allergies go away on its own?

Usually goes away on its own, but symptoms can be

bothersome. You can manage most cases of contact
dermatitis with over-the-counter treatments and by
avoiding the allergen or irritant that's causing your
symptoms. More severe cases, or if your rash develops
an infection, may require a doctor's help.
How do I test for allergies?

There are different types of allergy tests. The most common

allergy tests are skin prick tests and blood tests.
• Skin prick tests can identify the allergens that cause your
allergy symptoms. An allergist will use a thin needle to
prick your skin with a tiny amount of different possible
allergens. They then check to see if your skin reacts to the
allergen.
• Blood tests can also identify allergies. However, they’re not
as sensitive as skin prick tests. Blood tests evaluate IgE
antibodies that your immune system produces against a
specific protein.
 THANK YOU
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