Introduction to cell biology

an overview of different kinds of cells

how different cells combine to make tissues,
organ, and organ system
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF
CELLS

IN HUMANS HUNDREDS OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF CELLS AND

ASSIGNED FUNCTION CALLED AS DIVISION OF LABOUR

DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CELLS

INTRODUCTION

Our body has many different kinds of cells . Each cell is specialized to
perform a particular function or form a particular tissue. Every type of
cells have specific size and shape that is suited to its function.
In human body there are almost 200 different types of cells which are
composed of 20 different types of structures or organelles .
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CELLS

On the bases of their function the cells are

categorized into the following

1) Conductive Nerve cells Have ability to

cells Muscle cells conduct impulse
from one region
to another
distinct region in
the body
 DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CELLS

2) Connective cells Bone cells They help to connect

Blood cells other cells and tissues

3) Glandular cells Secretary cells They form glands like the

Epithelial cells pancreas , salivary glands
etc and help in the
production of enzymes
hormones etc
4) Storage cells Adipose cells They act to store material
Some liver cells like fat for later
use .which is consumed in
times in starvation and
also in too cold
temperature
 DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CELLS

5)Supportive cells Glial cells These are the cells which

are present as a support
to adjacent cells . Glial
cells in the brain and
spinal cord help to
provide nourishment to
the nerve cells and also
protects them from
shocks and trauma
 SOME SPECIAL TYPES OF CELLS

There are also some special types of cells present in our body which have
very important functions in our body.

1) stem cells
These are the primary cells or parent cells which have the total
potential to be developed into any specialized cell type
 Some special type of cells

Rods and cons

These cells are present in eye and have capacity to capture image color
and light.
 Some special type of cells

Ciliated cells
These cells are present as lining of respiratory tract , esophagus etc.they
contain threat like cilia which moves in one direction to pas materials.
 Some Special types of cells

Blood cells
 RBCs
 WBCs
 Platelets
 Some special types of cells

Pancreatic cells
These cells have both exocrine and endocrine types.
 Some special types of cells

Hepatocytes
These cells are present in liver and form 80% of its mass.
Theses cells are involved in synthesis of protein,
carbohydrates , fats(cholesterol) and breakdown of toxins
like drugs and other waste materials . Theses cells are large
and have many mitochondria and abounded endoplasmic
reticulum to help in their functions in liver .these cells have
ability to regenerate
 Some special types of cells

Kupffer cells
Theses cells are located in the liver and involved in macrophage action.
they destroy the old and worn out red blood cells In liver.
 Some special types of cell

Guess how many cells are in the human

body?
Search out why stem cells are most
important for new advance in cell biology?