IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF WOUNDS

AND THE NECESSARY BANDAGING TECHNIQUES

Pat Aljhyn Vhon M Alvarez Pat Hernan D Amboni Pat Jhon Loyd N Mendoza
302787 302788 302956
August 16, 2017 August 16, 2017 August 16, 2017
SWAT Member SWAT Member SAR Member
BISOC, SWAT BISOC, TCCC, SWAT BISOC, Combat Medic, TCCC
OBJECTIVES
 Tobe equipped with knowledge, practical skills & understanding
required to provide appropriate bandaging techniques for an injured
person.
 To be confident in our skills and abilities in relation to first aid
administration. Knowing how to react in certain situations will
boost our confidence in a wide range of non-medical day to day
situations.
 Tolook after ourselves and ensure our own safety as a priority. It’s
not being selfish, it’s being practical. Keeping ourselves safe means
we are in a position to help others rather than needing help
ourselves.
FIRST AID
 Refers to medical attention that is usually
administered immediately after the injury occurs
at the location where it occurred until full
medical treatment is available. It often consists
of a one-time, short-term treatment and requires
little technology or training to administer.
SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
(WOUNDS)
WOUND – a break in the continuity of the skin either internal or
external.

CLASSIFICATION
A. Closed wound – without break or damage in the skin
Signs and symptoms
 Pain
 Swelling
 Discoloration
 Hematoma
 Vomiting or cough up blood
 Passage of blood in the urine or feces

FIRST AID – think of ICES

 I – Ice application or cold packs
 C – Compression
 E – Elevation
 S – Splinting
 B. Types of Open Wounds
OPEN WOUND CHARACTERISTIC COMMON POSSIBLE FIRST
S CAUSES AID TECHNIQUES
1. Puncture Small opening, Pointed 1. Dressing and direct
maybe deep or objects such pressure
shallow and external as pins, ice 2. Elevation
bleeding can be picks and nails
minor
2. Incisions Sharp, even cuts Sharp cutting 1. Dressing and direct
with smooth edges; objects such pressure
degree of bleeding as knife, blade 2. Elevation
depends on the and the likes
depth and extent of
the wound; healing
is better as
compared to
lacerations
3. Abrasions Bleeding is limited to Friction of the skin 1. Dressing
oozing from ruptured with another object
small veins and
capillaries and is not
usually severe; it can
be painful because of
the exposed nerve
ending

4.Lacerations Profuse bleeding due to Sharp but uneven 1.Dressing and

the irregular and objects such as direct
jagged break in the broken glass or pressure
skin bottle, serrated 2. Elevation
objects 3. Tourniquet
5. Avulsions Severe and extreme Animal bites and 1. Dressing and
Bleeding occurs due to accidents direct
the forcible separation or involving motor pressure
tearing of a flap of tissue vehicles and 2. Elevation
from the victim’s body. Heavy 3. Tourniquet
If the flap of tissue still machineries
has some attachment
and is folded back,
blood supply to it can
be compromised
because the blood vessel
may kink so you have to
align the flap in its
normal position.
KEYPOINTS IN TREATING OPEN
WOUND
A. For wound with severe bleeding (4C’s)
 Control bleeding
: Direct pressure
: Use pressure bandage
: Elevation
: Tourniquet
 Cover the wound with dressing or bandage
 Care for the shock
 Consult or refer to Physician
B. For wound with bleeding not severe
 Clean the wound with soap and water
 Apply mild antiseptics
 Cover wound with dressing and bandages
TACTICAL COMBAT CASUALTY CARE

M – assive Bleeding
A – irway
R – espiration
C – irculation
H - ypothermia
BANDAGING
Act of applying bandage with the use
of a strip of material such as gauze
used to protect, immobilize, compress,
or support a wound or injured body
part.
Types of Bandages
 Triangular
 Unbleached cotton, cut in triangle shape (40”x40”x56”)
 Easy to apply
 Can be used on most parts of the body
 Cravat
 A folded triangular bandage
 Roller
 Made from gauze-like material
 Comes in different widths, making it flexible
 Most popular is self-adhering (nonelastic) and form-fitting

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Common Mistakes in Bandaging
 The most common mistakes are applying bandages too tightly or too
loosely
 Signs that a bandage is too tight
 Nearby skin becomes pale or a bluish color
 Nearby fingernails/toenails develop a bluish tinge
 Skin beyond the bandage is cold, tingling, or numb
 If you press on the nail bed and let go, it does not quickly turn pink
again
 The victim cannot move their fingers or toes

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Dressing and Bandaging Principles
 Handle carefully to prevent contamination.
 Don’t apply bandages until bleeding has stopped.
 Don’t remove original dressing if blood soaks through.
 Ensure that the dressing completely covers the wound.
 Do not place bandages directly on wounds (only sterile
dressings).
 Bandage wounds snugly but not tightly.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Dressing and Bandaging Principles
 Bandages should not be loose; dressing and bandage should
not slip or shift.
 Ensure that there are no loose ends that could catch on things.
 Cover all edges of the dressing with the bandage.
 Leave tips of fingers and toes exposed when bandaging arms
and legs.
 Bandage a body part in the position it should remain.
 Never use a circular bandage around a victim’s neck.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Improvising Dressings and Bandages

 Some situations require improvisation.

 No hard-and-fast rules; use adaptability and
creativity.
 Use materials on hand and methods you can best
adapt.
 Use materials that are as clean as possible.
 Never touch the wound directly.
 Control bleeding.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Improvising
 In an emergency can use if clean:
 Handkerchief
 Washcloth or towel
 Sheet or pillowcase
 Sanitary napkin
 Plastic wrap can be used as part of an occlusive dressing
 Never use:
 Elastic bandages
 Fluffy cotton or cotton balls
 Paper towels, toilet tissue, or other materials cling when wet

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Special Dressing and Bandages
 Pressure dressings
Apply snugly enough to create pressure on
wound.
 Slings
Used to support injuries of shoulder, arm, or
rib.
If available, use a triangular bandage.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

WOUND DRESSING AND BANDAGING
TECHNIQUES
WHAT TO DO WHEN ATTENDING
ACCIDENT / INJURED PERSON:
 Ensure own safety.
 Tend to the injured person. Introduce and ask permission.
 If injuries require medical assistance then call emergency assistance
numbers.
 Obtain first aid assistance.
 Remain with the person and give reassurance until medical
assistance arrives.
 Assist injured person to medical centre or hospital as required.
 RESPECT.
 Triangular and Cravat Bandages

BROAD CRAVAT

SEMI-BROAD CRAVAT

NARROW CRAVAT
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
CRAVAT PHASE OPEN PHASE
 LACERATED FOREHEAD  HEAD TOP SIDE
 EYE INJURY  BURN FACE/BACK OF
 EAR, CHEEK AND JAW THE HEAD
 BURNED HAND/FOOT
 WOUND ON SHOULDER
 WOUND/BURN ON
 WOUND ON ARMS/LEGS
THE CHEST OR BACK
 WOUND ON
 ARM SLING
ELBOW/KNEE
 WOUND ON THE
 CLOSED/OPEN PALM
BANDAGE ABDOMEN
 SPRAIN ANKLE
 HEAD – TRIANGLE OF FOREHEAD/SCALP
(TRIANGULAR)
- FACE BANDAGING (TRIANGULAR)
- CRAVAT OF EAR, CHEEK AND JAW
(NARROW)
 - CLOSE HAND BANDAGE
EYE – EYE BANDAGING (NARROW)
 NECK – LEFT/RIGHT WOUND (NARROW)
 SHOULDER – WOUND (NARROW)
- ARM SLING (TRIANGULAR)
- UNDERARM SLING (TRI)
 ARMS/LEGS – FRACTURE/WOUND (SEMI BROAD)
 ELBOW – FRACTURED (SEMI BROAD)
- CRAVAT OF ELBOW (NARROW)
 HANDS - OPEN PALM BANDAGE (NARROW)
(NARROW)
- TRIANGLE OF HAND
(TRIANGULAR)
 CHEST/BACK – BURN/WOUND (TRIANGULAR)
 ABDOMEN – WOUND (BROAD/SEMI)
 KNEE – CRAVAT OF KNEE (NARROW)
 “Prepare and prevent,
don’t repair and repent.”
 THANK YOU
AND
STAY SAFE!
PREPARED BY:

PAT ALVAREZ PAT AMBONI PAT

MENDOZA