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l2_evolution_of_mgmt_theories_mba_e
l2_evolution_of_mgmt_theories_mba_e
Management
Theory and Practice
Why study Management History ?
Preclassical contributions The classical theorists Behavioral School Qualitative approach Recent years -
(Adam Sm ith, (Hum an Resources Approach) Integrative approach
The wealth of Nations, 1776)
Organizing
Controlling Allocate work,
Make sure the authority & resources
organization is moving to achieve organizational
towards its objectives goals
Leading
Direct, influence & motivate
employees to perform
essential tasks
Recent Years:2.Systems approach
An organized enterprise does not exist in vacuum and is
dependent on external environment. Open systems
recognize that no organization is self contained; they would
sink if they ignore external environment, goal inputs of
claimants (supplier relation, govt regulations).
Two basic types of systems are closed and open. Frederic
Taylor’s machine view of the organization refers to closed
while Christian Barnard proposed open system where it is
in constant interaction with its environment.
The job of the manager is to ensure that all parts of the
organization are internally coordinated. In addition open
system recognizes that organizations are not self contained
and can not survive if they ignore external environment
Systems approach to management Inputs:
Human, Capital
External environment Managerial, Technological
others
Goal inputs of claimants:
Managerial knowledge, Employees, consumers, suppliers,
Goals of claimants Stockholders, governments,
& use of inputs Communities and others
Facilitated by communication
Linking the organization with
Planning
External Environment
Reenergizing the system
External environment
Organizing
External variables &
Opportunities
Staffing Constraints
Others
Leading
Controlling
Outputs:
Products, Services,
To produce outputs Profits, Satisfaction,
Goal integration & others
External environment
External (micro) customers, suppliers, creditors, distributors dealers; though outside the
Influence of the 0organization, can be influenced by them
Global Global
External (macro-
beyond influence of the org)
Competition
Ecosystem Economic
Labor Money
Business
organization
Demographic Political /
Legal
Global