SCIENCE,

TECHNOLOGY AND
NATION-BUILDING
1. The role of science and technology in
development should aim to reduce inequalities
between advanced and developing countries
and among different sections of a country's
population. In achieving this goal, science and
technology should work to create a
harmonious natural and social environment
without seriously endangering the future.
2. Science and technology should not be treated
as isolated development techniques separate
from the broader national evolution, whether
material or otherwise. Failure to integrate
development programs rooted in science and
technology into the national context and way of
life may result in their complete rejection.
3. The role of science and technology in
development should be guided by
fundamental social, cultural, and economic
rights within a peaceful and cooperative
global framework.
 BRIEF HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY

The history of science and technology in the

Philippines began long before the country
gained independence from American
colonizers.
SCIENCE IN PRE-SPANISH
PHILIPPINES
• Embedded in the way of life of the people
• It is observed in the way they plant their crops that
provide them food.
• In taking care of animals to help them in their daily tasks
• Science is observed in the way they interpret the
movements of heavenly bodies to predict seasons and
climates
• They use Science in preparing the soil for Agricultural
purposes; they discovered the medicinal use of plants
TECHNOLOGY

• Used by people in building houses, irrigations, and in

developing tools that they can use in everyday life
• The different
archaeological artifacts
discovered in different
parts of the country
also prove that the
Metal Age also had
significant influences
on the lives of early
Filipinos
• When the Spaniards colonized the country, they brought
with them their own culture and practices
• They established schools for girls and boys and
introduced the concept of subjects and discipline
• It was the beginning of the formal science and technology
in the country, known now as the School of Science and
Technology
• Life during the Spanish Era slowly became modernized
• The Galleon Trade has brought additional technology and
development to the Philippines
GALLEON TRADE
INFLUENCE OF AMERICANS IN
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
THEY ESTABLISHED THE FOLLOWING:

• Public education system

• Improved the engineering works
• Improved health conditions of the people
• Established a modern research university, University of
the Philippines
• Created more hospitals than the former colonial master
• Americans did everything to “Americanize” the
Philippines
• They recognize the learning of science and
introduced it in public and private schools
• The desire of the Americans to develop the human
resources of the Philippines is somehow, beneficial
to the country
HEALTH AND SANITATION

• Filipinos learned the value of cleanliness, proper

hygiene, and healthy practices
• Hospitals, clinics, and health centers were
established including public hospitals for lepers
• Since the establishment of the new republic, the
whole nation has been focusing on using its limited
resources to improve its Science and Technological
capabilities
• It has explored the use of Overseas Development
Allocations (ODA) to help the country improve its
Scientific productivity
GOVERNMENT POLICIES ON SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY

• Introduced and implemented several programs, projects,

and policies to boost the area of science and technology

GOAL: Prepare the whole country and its people to meet

the demands of a technologically driven world and
capacitate people to live in a world driven by Science
 THESE POLICIES ARE
CLUSTERED INTO FOUR
 1. SOCIAL SCIENCES, HUMANITIES,
EDUCATION, INTERNATIONAL POLICIES
AND GOVERNANCE

• Integrating ASEAN awareness in basic education without

adding to the curriculum
• Emphasizing teaching in the mother tongue
• Developing school infrastructure and providing for ICT
broadband
• Local food security
 2. PHYSICS, ENGINEERING, AND
INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH, EARTH AND SPACE
SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS
• Emphasizing degrees, licenses, and employment
opportunities
• Outright grants for peer monitoring
• Review of RA 9184
• Harnessing Science and Technology as an independent
mover of development
 3. MEDICAL, CHEMICAL AND
PHARMACEUTICAL
• Ensuring compliance of drug-manufacturing firms with
ASEAN-harmonized standards by full implementation of the
DFA
• Creating an education council dedicated to standardization of
pharmaceutical services and care
• Empowering food and drug agencies to conduct evidence-based
research as pool of information
• Allocating 2% of the GDP to research
• Legislating a law supporting human genome projects
4. BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, AGRICULTURE,
AND FORESTRY

• Protecting and conserving biodiversity by full

implementation of existing laws
• Use of biosafety and standard model by ASEAN countries
• Promoting indigenous knowledge systems and indigenous
people’s conservation
• Formulation of common food and safety standards
PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY THE
PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
THROUGH
• Providing funds for basic research related to Science and
Technology
• Providing scholarships for undergraduate and graduate and
graduate studies of students in the field of Science and
Technology
• Establishing more branches of the Philippine Science High
School System
• Creating and developing Science and Technology parks
• Balik-Scientist Program
• Establishment of the National Science Complex
 FAMOUS FILIPINO IN THE FIELD OF
SCIENCE
1. Ramon Cabanos Barba – for his outstanding research on tissue in
Philippine mangoes
2. Josefino Cacas Comiso – for his works on observing the
characteristics of Antartica by using satellite images
3. Jose Bejar Cruz – known internationally in the field of electrical
engineering
4. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz – notable for her research on sea snail
venom
5. Fabian Millar Dayrit – for his research of herbal medicine
 FAMOUS FILIPINO IN THE FIELD OF
SCIENCE
6. Rafael Dineros Guererro III – for his outstanding research on
tilapia culture
7. Enrique Mapua Jr. – for inventing the meconium drugs testing
8. Lilian Formalejo Patena – for doing research on plant
biotechnology
9. Mari-jo Panganiban Ruiz – for being an outstanding educator
and graph theorist
10.Gregory Ligot Tangonan – for his research in the field of
communications technology
•The importance of Science and
Technology in national development
cannot be overemphasized. It is a known
fact that no nation can develop without
Science and Technology.