Which is lighter ?

A kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of iron?

 What is Density?
If you take the same volume of different substances,
then they will weigh different

Wood Gold Iron

1 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3

0.50 g 20.00 g 8.00 g

Q) Which has the greatest mass per unit volume?

 Definition of Density
Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of
a substance. In other words it explains how tightly
matter is packed together in a substance.
Its SI unit is Kg/cubic metre. Its denoted by the
letter ρ

Density is a ______ (derived / fundamental) unit?

 Density Equation:
g or kg

Density = Mass
m
Volume
g/cm3 orr kg/m3

ρ V
cm3 or m3

ρ=m Example:
V
Q) Ice has density of 0.92g/cm3.
Calculate the volume occupied by
250g of ice.

Vice = m = 250 = 272cm3

ρ 0.92
 DENSITY OF A REGULAR SOLID

m = 240 g
• Find the Mass of
the solid on a
2.0 cm balance.
• Measure the
three lengths and
calculate the
3.0 cm
Volume.
(ie V = l x w x h )
• Calculate the
Density.
4.0 cm

ρ = m = 240 =10.0 g/cm3

V 24
Which block X or Y has the greater mass?

5400 kg
7800 kg 2m3
1m3

X Y
Which block X or Y has the greater volume?

5400 kg
7800 kg 2m3
1m3

X Y

Y
Which block X or Y has the greater density?

5400 kg
7800 kg 2m3
1m3

X Y

X
 Check for Understanding

Scenario 1 :
You are going on vacation, the suitcase is too full to close. You
have a hardtop suitcase that you're taking on vacation (full of
clothes). Think about the mass when you carry it. Now you will
always get sucked into buying stuff while on vacation like a
bunch of tacky souvenirs and other knick knacks . When you
pack your suitcase back home, you are sitting on it to close it. It
is cramped up. You carry it on your way back. Did the mass
change? Did the volume change?
Is it more or less dense?

Reasoning :
 Scenario 2
Imagine you have a block of styrofoam. You jump on it until it's
crushed a bit.Note that it has not broken… it is just a little squished.
Think if the mass has changed now? Has it's volume changed? Is it
more or less dense?

Reasoning:
DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR SOLID

● The mass is measured by a balance like

that of a regular solid.
● The volume cannot be directly
calculated using its dimensions.
● It can be calculated through the
displacement method using any one of
the following:
○ Eureka Can
○ Measuring Cylinder
Using a Eureka Can
 Using A Eureka Can

● The Eureka Can is filled with water

● The irregular solid is immersed in
m = 440 g
the water slowly
● The displaced water pours out of
the spout
● This water is then measured and its
volume obtained.
● This gives the volume of the
40.0 cm3
irregular solid

ρ = m = 440 =11.0 g/cm3

V 40
Using a Measuring Cylinder
• Note the initial volume of
the liquid in the cylinder
• Insert the irregular solid and
ensure that its completely
submerged in the liquid
• Note the new volume
• The difference between the
two gives the volume of the
solid.
Example

The density of Aluminium is 2700 kg/m3. what is

the mass of 10m3 of Aluminium?

ρ = m
V

Mass = 2700 x 10
= 27000 kg
 CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

1. The density of water is 1gm per cubic cm. What is its

density in Kg per cubic meter?
2. The mass of a wooden block is 40 g and its volume is 200
cubic cm. The mass of an iron block of the same volume is
1600 g. Find the density of wood and iron.
3. Calculate the mass of 835 cubic cm of ice if the density of
ice is 0.92 g/ c ㎥