VE R B

N J U G AT IO
CO
IT H A L L
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R B T E N S E S
V E
PAR T II
exposure
 1.VERB
TENSES:
- PRESENT SIMPLE: It is used to describe habitual actions or general events that occur in the
present.

Example:

SIMPLE PRESENT: I eat breakfast every morning. (Describes habitual actions or general truths)

- PAST SIMPLE: It is used to narrate actions or events that occurred in the past and that have
already ended
SIMPLE PAST: She visited her grandmother yesterday. (Describes an action
completed in the past.)

- PRESENT CONTINUOUS: Indicates an action that is occurring at the moment of

speaking.

Example:

PRESENT CONTINUOUS: They are studying for their exams. (Describes an action
in progress at the current moment.)

- PAST CONTINUOUS: Describes an action that was in progress at a specific time

in the past.

Example:

PAST CONTINUOUS: He was reading a book when the phone rang. (Describes an
action in progress at a specific time in the past.)
Example:

PAST CONTINUOUS: He was reading a book when the phone rang.

(Describes an action in progress at a specific time in the past.)

- SIMPLE FUTURE: It is used to talk about actions that will occur in the
future.

Example:

SIMPLE FUTURE: We will go to the beach next weekend. (Describes an

action that will occur in the future.)

- FUTURE CONTINUOUS: Describes actions that will be in progress at a

specific future time.

Example:
FUTURE CONTINUOUS: By this time next week, I will be working at my
new job. (Describes an action in progress at a specific time in the future.)
- PRESENT PERFECT: It is used to indicate an action that began in the past and that has relevance in
the present.

Example:

PRESENT PERFECT: She has finished her homework. (Describes a completed action with relevance
to the present.)

- PAST PERFECT: Describes an action that occurred before another point in the past.

Example:

PAST PERFECT: They had already eaten dinner when I arrived. (Describes an action completed
before another action in the past.)

- FUTURE PERFECT: Indicates an action that will be complete in the future before another reference
point.
Example:

FUTURE PERFECT: By next year, I will have graduated from university. (Describes an action that will
be completed in the future before a specific point in time.

2. VERBAL MODES:

- INDICATIVE: It is used to express facts or objective statements.

Example:

INDICATIVE: He believes in you. (The indicative mood is used to express actions or states that are real
or existing).

- SUBJUNCTIVE: Expresses possibilities, desires, doubts or hypothetical situations

Example:

SUBJUNCTIVE: It is important that she study for the exam. (The subjunctive mood is used to express desires, commands,
hypotheses or unreal or improbable situations.)

- IMPERATIVE: It is used to give orders, instructions or make requests.

Example:

3. IMPERATIVE: Listen to me carefully. (The imperative mood is used to express direct orders, commands or requests.)

3. VERBAL FORMS:

- NEGATIVE: Indicates that the action is not occurring or did not occur.
Example:
1. NEGATIVE: She doesn't like coffee. (The negative form is used to indicate the negation of an
action or state.)
- POSITIVE: States that the action is occurring or occurred.
Example:
POSITIVE: They love to travel. (The positive form is used to affirm an action or state.)
- IMPERATIVE: It is a special form of conjugation that is used to give orders, instructions or make
requests.
Example:
IMPERATIVE: Open the window, please. (The imperative form is used to express direct orders,
commands or requests.)
 QUIZ

• 1. Present Simple:
Choose the correct sentence that describes a habitual action.
a) She is eating breakfast.
b) She eats breakfast every morning.
c) She ate breakfast yesterday.

• 2. Past Simple:
Choose the sentence that correctly describes an action that occurred in the past.
a) They are going to the park.
b) They went to the park.
c) They will go to the park.
 • 3. Present Continuous:
Choose the sentence that correctly describes an action happening right now.
a) He works in the garden.
b) He worked in the garden.
c) He is working in the garden.

• 4. Past Continuous:
Choose the correct sentence describing an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past.
• a) She is reading a book when the phone rang.
• b) She was reading a book when the phone rang.
• c) She reads a book when the phone rings.
 • 5. Simple Future:
Choose the sentence that correctly describes an action that will occur in the
future.
a) They are going to the beach.
b) They went to the beach.
c) They will go to the beach next weekend.

• 6. Future Continuous:
Choose the sentence that correctly describes an action that will be in
progress at a specific future time.
a) By this time next week, I am working at my new job.
b) By this time next week, I will be working at my new job.
c) By this time next week, I worked at my new job.
 • 7. Present Perfect:
Choose the correct sentence indicating an action that began in the past and has relevance in the
present.
a) She finishes her homework.
b) She finished her homework.
c) She has finished her homework.

• 8. Past Perfect:
Choose the correct sentence describing an action that occurred before another point in the past.
• a) They had already eaten dinner when I arrived.
• b) They have already eaten dinner when I arrived.
• c) They already eat dinner when I arrived.
 • 9. Future Perfect:
Choose the sentence that correctly describes an action that will be complete in the future
before another reference point.
• a) By next year, I will graduate from university.
• b) By next year, I have graduated from university.
• c) By next year, I will have graduated from university.

• 10. Indicative:
Choose the sentence that uses the indicative mood to express a fact.
a) She wishes she were here.
b) She might be here later.
c) She is here.
T HA N K
YO U FO R
R T IM E