Program – CIVIL

ENGINEERING
Program Code – CE

MSBTEs E-content
 Course- ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES
Course Code – 22447
CO-a: Develop Public Awareness Topic-1
about Environment. Environment
Unit Outcome- UO -1e
MSBTE LEAD- STUDY AT YOUR
DOORSTEP

Written by
 What we will learn today
Understand about environmental issues
1. Agenda point – and their impacts.
Environmental issues
Content
1.3 Environmental issues –
Green house effects, Global
Warming, Climate change and
Acid rain.

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 Learning Objective/ Key
learning
► 1e. Describe various environmental issues.

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 Concept Map

Green House Global

Effect Warming

Nuclear Environmental Climate

Accidents Issues Change

Ozone Layer Acid Rain

Depletion

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 Environmental Issues: 1. Green House
 TheEffect:
phenomenon of increase in temperature of the earth
as in artificial greenhouse is called green house effect.
 The gases which are responsible for the greenhouse effect
are called greenhouse gases [1].
 A warming of Earth’s surface and troposphere (the
lowest layer of the atmosphere) caused by trapping the
heat in the form of infra red radiation near the earth
surface by atmospheric constituents such as water vapour,
carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides and Chloro ► Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2012
Fluro Carbons.
 Environmental scientists estimated that the green house
effect of carbon dioxide was 57%, chlorofluorocarbon was
25%, methane was 12% and that of the oxides of nitrogen
was 6% [1; 2].
Footnotes

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 Environmental Issues: 1. Green House
Effect:
Effects on animals:
 It
has a role in spreading different types of diseases like malaria, filariasis,
cholera, and diarrhoea etc due to rise in temperature.
 It has a role in increasing the number of vectors like insects transmitting
diseases.
Effects on plants:
 It affects water cycle, soil moisture and soil composition. As a result, there is a
change in cultivation and harvesting periods of crops.
 Tropical plants are seen at the temperate region.
 It affects on yield of crops.
Effects on climate:
 It increases the temperature of earth.
 It brings about the melting of ice in the Polar Regions, which increases the sea
level due to which the low land coastal areas may sink and go underwater.
 It also changes the pattern of rainfall and weather conditions [1; 2; 3].

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 Environmental Issues: 2. Global Warming:
 Global warming is the phenomenon of rise in temperature of the earth by
accumulation of green house gases.
 About 75% of the solar energy reaching the Earth is absorbed on the earth’s
surface which increases its temperature. The rest of the heat radiates back to the
atmosphere. Some of the heat is trapped by greenhouse gases, mostly carbon
dioxide this responds to keep the temperature warmer.
 Effects :
• Temperature increases
• Glaciers melt
• Rising ocean levels
• Alter forests, crop yields
• Affect human health
• Affect ecosystems
• Season changes

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 Global Warming Potential (GWP):
► Global warming potential (GWP) for the 6 primary GHGs are summarized below:

Source: https://iasmania.com/greenhouse-effect-greenhouse-gases/

 GWP is the global warming impact that a GHG would have

over a 10-year timeframe.
 By definition, CO2 is used as the reference benchmark [2].

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 Environmental Issues: 3. Climate Change
 Climate is the average weather at a given point and time
of year, over a long period (typically 30 years).
 We expect the weather to change a lot from day to day,
but we expect the climate to remain relatively constant.
 If the climate doesn’t remain constant, we call it climate
change [2; 4].
Changes in:
– Sun’s output (Solar radiation)
– Earth’s orbit
– Drifting continents
– Volcanic eruptions

– Greenhouse gases

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 Environmental Issues: 4. Acid Rain
 Acid rain is basically rain that has a low pH.
 When fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are
burned, chemicals like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen
oxides are produced.
These chemicals react with water and other chemicals
in the air to form sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other
harmful pollutants like sulfates and nitrates.
These acid pollutants spread upwards into the
atmosphere, and finally return to the ground in the form
of acid rain [2; 4].
 EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN
Acid rain is an extremely destructive form of pollution,
and the environment suffers from its effects. Land,
Buildings, Forests, trees, lakes, aquatic life, animals,
and plants suffer from acid rain.

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 Revision
► What we have learned today?
► Green house effect and its impacts.
► Global warming and its impacts.
► Climate change and its impacts.
► Acid rain and its impacts.
Let’s Have a Quiz……

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 References

1. Dr Prabhu Prasadini and Dr G. Swarajya Lakshmi, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, BIRM

301 Study Material.
2. Dr. Y. K. Singh, 2006. Environmental Science. NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P)
LIMITED, PUBLISHERS, New Delhi, India.
3. Prof. Erach Bharucha, 2004. Textbook for Environmental Studies. University Grants
Commission, New Delhi. India.
4. Michael Aaleby, 2000. Basics of Environmental science, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis
Group, New York.
5. www. Britanica.com
6. www. Onlinesciencenote.com

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Section divider over two linesTHANK
or three YOU ALL
lines

HAVE A NICE DAY

HAPPY LEARNING

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