Mzarabani Leon Taurai

DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY

AS LEVEL PROJECT
SOUTH EASTERN COLLEGE
CANDIDATE NUMBER:
CENTRE NUMBER: ZW018
2023
CONTENTS 2

1. SIUATION 3

2. SITUATION ANALYSIS 4

3. DESIGN BRIEF 5

4. ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS 6

5. TARGET MARKET 7

6. RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 8

7. EVALUATION OF EXISTING PRODUCTS 17

8. SPECIFICATION 18

9. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS 23

10. EVALUATION OF POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS 29

11. REFINEMENT OF BEST SOLUTION 30

12 WORKING DRAWING 31
SITUATION 3

For years, the most common demand from students and

parents in our community has been for a library learning
hub. Some students who do not have personal
technology are unable to do in-person studies and must
constantly borrow resources from other pupils. It is
critical to have access to materials as well as a peaceful
space to do research and study.
SITUATION ANALYSIS 4

Who is the client?

Students of all ages will use the facility at school as well as teachers
Client/User requirements
Students will require computers for research, desks and chairs,
book shelves, internet access, electrical outlets, restrooms
Environment
The facility should be located in a place without much activity
going on around. It should be situated preferably away from
sporting facilities to reduce levels of stress accumulated by the noise
from that specific area
Materials
The learning hub will be built out of building material such as
bricks, cement, roofing materials, tiles, glass for windows, window
frame,
 5

I am going to design a space where students

can gather to study, collaborate on projects,
access resources, and receive assistance from
teachers or tutors. Furthermore, library
learning centers frequently hold conferences,
DESIGN BRIEF seminars, and training sessions that promote
collaborative and interactive learning. These
areas may also foster creativity and
innovation by allowing individuals to
participate in group conversations, work on
projects, or explore new ideas. A library
learning hub's overall goal is to establish a
supportive and inclusive learning environment
in which individuals can gain knowledge,
develop skills, and connect with others on
their educational path.
ANALYSIS & SYNTHESIS
ANALYSIS
1. Will the design be safe for it’s consumers?
2. What materials will be the most suitable?
3. What are the functions of the product?
4. Which age group is going to use the library
5. Is the solution likely to solve the design problem?
6. Will the locker be secure?
6
SYNTHESIS
The design should be design should accommodate all
consumer needs in terms of safety
as concrete, steel, and wood
Should provide access to technology, including
computers, internet, and software, allowing users to
conduct research, access digital resources, and develop
digital literacy skills
People of all ages will be able to use the library
The solution should most likely solve the problems of its consumers.
The library will be design in a way that keeps people in it as well as
the equipment secure
 7

TARGET MARKET
1. Students: This could include students from all levels of education, such as elementary, middle school,
high school, or college students.

2. Educators: Teachers, professors, and other educators could be a target market as they can utilize the
learning hub as a resource for their teaching materials and lesson plans.

3. Researchers: Individuals who are conducting research or seeking information in various fields can benefit
from a well-designed library learning hub.

4. Lifelong learners: People who have a passion for continuous learning and personal development may also
be part of the target market. They may use the hub to explore new topics or gain new skills.

5. Community members: The library learning hub can also serve as a resource for the local community,
offering programs, workshops, or services for individuals of all ages.

Ultimately, the target market for designing a library learning hub will depend on the specific focus and
purpose of the hub, as well as the needs and interests of the intended audience.
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 1 8
Library Design: Thame Library, Oxfordshire, United
Kingdom
Description: Rather than pastiche the historic surroundings, Oxford
Architects designed an ultra-modern building to make a bold
statement. The County Council was looking for strong interior design
to match. The staff planned to manage through time as well as space
so children’s events could spill into the adult area and mezzanine
study tables could host a local community group meeting in the
evening. This was also the county’s first library to use RFID self-
service.
Design : The view in from the street is enticing with a Reading Hideaway
clearly visible and as soon as you step inside you can see what’s on
offer. There is plenty of space at the entrance to peruse the quick choice
tables and use the self-service. A full-height curved display wall with
retail-style light boxes showcases non-fiction in the darker section at the
back under the mezzanine. The glazed conservatory-style space is a
relaxing location for reading magazines and offers laptop and mobile
device charging plugs in the chairs. On the mezzanine the teen area has
bar-height tables and funky sofas, together with lots of books. Shelving
is used to divide the teens from the local history and quiet study area.
Key Terms: RFID which is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
technology uses radio waves to identify people or objects. There is a device that
reads information contained in a wireless device or “tag” from a distance without
making any physical contact or requiring a line of sight.
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 2 9

Library Design: Werneth High School, Stockport

The old library was a successful hub of the school, issuing 12,000
books per year. Despite moving to a smaller space, all the regular
activities could be continued, including formal and informal
lessons, Lego, reading and film clubs. Werneth School in
Stockport was totally reconstructed on the same site. Many of
educational pieces may be seen in the library, including Core and
Orbit tables, which connect to form a big group space for courses
and parent/governor meetings. Cube shelving was included which
lends a casual atmosphere to the library and provides plenty of
area for face forward book advertising. For librarians, the shape
and size of the windows provide for good ventilation. The use
of glass doors together with the size of windows also work as a
backup option for natural light in case of power outages.
Feedback from Werneth High School students:
“I was amazed when I saw the new library. It felt really big, even
though it is actually smaller. My favourite thing is the chess tables.”
“The new library is smaller, but more efficient. The bookshelves
make the books stand out, and a lot of the books look newer. The
comfy seats are really comfortable, and I really like the lime green
chairs. When the tables are together, it looks really cool!”
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 2 10
Library Design: Werneth High School, Stockport
Werneth High School Design Plans

The Werneth High School

library Design aids in
providing a clearer idea of
the library prior to
construction, with the types
of furniture utilized in the
plan on the left and a 3
Dimensional representation
of the possible conclusion
on the left. These
schematics are critical to
my research because they
show me how to construct
the library based on the
furniture I will choose for
different sections of the
library learning center.
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 3 11
Library Design: Gateshead Central Library,
Gateshead, England
‘The Archive's intriguing collection, which includes thousands of books,
newspapers, pictures, and maps, as well as digital resources, microfilm
readers, card catalogues, and listening posts for oral history recordings,
was quite a challenge to house for Gateshead Central Library. Workshops
and volunteers also required space. Because the Archive houses the major
public access computers, it was critical to provide lots of desk space for
drop-in users, as well as desk space and power for those bringing their own
device’ ~ Gateshead architects

Individual study desks with glazed cabinets above were designed as a

solution for the runs of bound volumes. Each desk has its own lamp and
power source.

The new space allocated was large but had no windows

and had to transition smoothly from Gateshead’s
library shop. The layout in this popular transit area,
also serves as the major through path to the café,
lending library, public facilities, and Gateshead Archive.

All surfaces were kept light, and mid-brown wood-effect

flooring was used throughout to provide a seamless
transition between the two sections, making both feel
spacious and bright.
 12
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 4
Learning hub Design: Gateshead Makerplace,
Gateshead, England
The digital team at Gateshead Libraries had built a highly successful
programme of activities in the library and across the borough and need a
place in the central library for larger events in order to stay on top of
these advances.
Maker spaces need a special ambience, not to mention sufficient
storage space and work surfaces for all the equipment, collaborative
activities and presentations. Flip-top tables in the same finishes allow
you to create workstations for individuals or small groups, and they
may be pushed together for larger gatherings. The Pluto units on the
tables provide both normal and USB power outlets.
The equipment bench accommodates all of the equipment desired by the
Gateshead team, including laser and vinyl cutters, as well as 3D printers.
The portable components, such as Ceeds, Raspberry Pi, soldering irons,
and so on, are stored in secure cupboards. One of the diagrams shows
people creating actively in the Makerplace.
I've also discovered that the Makerplace is vital to my research because
it serves as a learning hub where people/students may collaborate on
projects, access resources, and receive tutoring. It complements the
design brief that I am working on. It is an excellent opportunity to
discover and share ideas while working because it does not restrict
people like libraries do.
 RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 5 13
Library Design: Bukit Panjang Public Library, Singapore
The designers drew inspiration from the graphic route-maps of train lines. The interior spatial
design incorporates environmental wayfinding as the overarching design direction and
aesthetic styling. In the Children's Zone, the aesthetic styling is characterized by a 2D-
graphical approach, whereas in the Teens' Zone, scenes of forests, mountains, and lakes are
interpreted in 3D.

Unlike conventional libraries where reading areas are often contained within set areas, here
seating and reading areas are dispersed to every collection and placed within close vicinity of
every shelf. The library has a work room with a seating section, similar to a lecture theatre.
The library also offers a zone that has a programming area for talks and workshops. also
features a reading lounge with large screens you can swipe, scroll and pinch on to browse
electronic copies of local mainstream newspapers. Quirky sloped seating areas also make
interesting spots for kids to read a book..

Bukit Panjang Public Library included an automated book-sorting machine, hidden in the
back-of-house area, and recognized its potential to engage kids. It is thus displayed in the
Children’s Zone like a show kitchen.

Because the library is in a 'heartland' shopping mall, the design team intended to create a
retail experience' that would appeal to library customers of all ages. The library was designed
to be a community learning area that adapts to shifting user habits in the digital and instant-
gratification era.

This is a facility designed and built to meet the needs of the community - a shared commodity
that fosters learning and knowledge sharing and goes well beyond the aesthetics of the shell,
mirroring the necessities of my circumstance.
Library Design: Bukit Panjang Public Library, Singapore 14
During my study on the
Bukit Panjang Public
Library, I was fortunate
enough to come across a
copy of the library's map.
This is critical in my quest
to construct a community
library since it serves as a
rapid guide, offering a
map directory for people
to easily access the
destinations intended,
eliminating confusion and
disturbance of other
consumers. This map can
serve as a motivation or
an aid in creating my own
map for the library
learning hub that I intend
to design.
 RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 6
Library Design: Naver Library, Seongnam, South
Korea
The library is divided into three areas: the design zone, the magazine zone, and the
encyclopedia zone. Each area was designed to maximize visitor comfort and provide them
with useful information. Visitors can browse the forest of bookshelves in the design zone to
find high-caliber design literature.

The "forest" concept has been demonstrated

practically with hydroponic plants placed on top of
each bookshelf, providing proper humidity and nice
air quality. Naver Library also has a specific area
where patrons can get internet access, utilize Visitors can peruse the most recent
provided computers, and plug in personal devices. publications in the magazine zone as if they
were strolling past storefronts on the streets.
Magazine readers can use the lower than
usual bookshelves as standing desks while
holding their notepads, pencils, or cups.
Using the concept of a “attic”, the
encyclopedia zone provides the pleasure of
being deeply immersed in comprehensive
knowledge in a cozy surrounding for a long
time.

Bringing together highly differentiated and partly even green zones, it

represents an understanding and use of space that is entirely tailored to user
needs.
15
Library Design: NAVER Library, Seongnam,
South Korea 16
According to a 1989 NASA study, houseplants can help
improve air quality by removing cancer-causing chemicals
like formaldehyde and benzene from the air.
Not only do indoor plants enhance the overall appearance
of a space, but studies show they boost moods, increase
creativity, reduce stress, and eliminate air pollutants. The
significance of this library is that the availability of plants is
not confined to a single part; plants may be found
wherever, and the vases have been designed to reflect
the many locales.
The
workstations are
not far from the
book sections.
They also
include lamps The design of the windows allows for a lot
that may be of natural light, which is ideal for better
adjusted to suit reading in case of power outages. For the
the consumer's growth of the plants in the library, Naver
preferences. Library installed grow hanging lights to
keep them from wilting.
 EVALUATION OF EXISTING PRODUCTS 17
RESEARCH AND DESIGN ADVANTAGES
ANALYSIS
1 Thame Library, Oxfordshire, • There is plenty of space
United Kingdom • has wide windows and doors which can provide for a lot of good
natural lighting
2 Werneth High School, Stockport • There are reusable assets and components
• the shape and size of the windows provide for good ventilation
3 Gateshead Central Library, • Individual study desks provide a sense of independence and privacy
Gateshead, England • There is a lot of desk space for computer users

4 Gateshead Makerplace,
Gateshead, England
5 Bukit Panjang Public Library,
Singapore
6 Naver Library, Seongnam,
South Korea
• Provides more than enough space for users to easily move around
without disturbing other people
• Due to its location it is easily accessible for all ages
• Since workstations are not too far from the book shelves it is
quicker for users to access their books and to sit down

I have decided to use the research I have gathered together with the
evaluation to come up with the specifications of the library that I intend to
design
SPECIFICATIONS 18
Purpose Should provide access to technology, including computers, internet, and software, allowing users to conduct research,
access digital resources, and develop digital literacy skills. They may also offer assistance in navigating information
sources, conducting research, and utilizing library resources effectively.

Aesthetics Open and inviting layout: Library learning hubs are typically designed with an open floor plan that allows for natural
light and easy movement. This layout encourages collaboration, interaction, and flexibility in how individuals use the
space.
Comfortable seating areas: The presence of comfortable seating options, such as cozy chairs, sofas, and study carrels,
promotes relaxation and focus while studying or reading. These seating arrangements are often strategically placed to
provide both privacy and opportunities for group work.
Shelf and display organization: Library learning centers include well-organized shelves and displays, making it easy for
users to find things of interest. Users may easily traverse the collection thanks to clear labeling and categorization.

Materials Structural materials such as concrete, steel, and wood that form the framework and structure of the building. These
materials provide stability and support.
Flooring materials: Depending on the desired aesthetics and functionality, various flooring materials including
carpeting, vinyl tiles, hardwood, or laminate flooring
Wall materials: Walls can be constructed using materials like drywall, plaster, or masonry blocks. Acoustic materials to
reduce noise between spaces if needed.
Windows and doors: To allow natural light in, library buildings frequently have wide windows and doors. Windows can
be made of glass, metal frames, or wood frames. Wood, metal, or glass doors are all possibilities.
SPECIFICATIONS 19
Materials Roofing materials: Roofing materials should be chosen to provide protection against weather elements. Options include asphalt
shingles, metal roofing, clay tiles, or concrete tiles.
Interior finishes: For the interior surfaces, materials like paint, wallpaper,
Shelving and furniture: Libraries require shelves, tables, chairs, and other furniture for book displays, study areas, and seating.
These can be made from wood, metal, or a combination of materials.
Electrical and lighting materials: A functional library requires electrical wiring, outlets, switches, and lighting fixtures. LED
bulbs and other energy-efficient lighting alternatives are widely used.
 HVAC system: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are necessary to maintain a comfortable temperature and
airflow throughout the library. This includes materials such as ductwork, vents, fans, and HVAC units.
Quality Collection development: The library should have a well-curated collection of books, periodicals, electronic resources, and other
Assurance materials that are current, diverse, and meet the needs and interests of its users.
Facility and equipment: Ensuring that the library's physical environment is clean, safe, accessible, and comfortable is vital for
quality assurance. Regular maintenance and upgrades of facilities, furniture, technology, and equipment contribute to an
enhanced user experience.
Quality assurance involves actively addressing concerns and adapting library services and offerings to better meet user
expectations.
Libraries should strive to be accessible to all members of the community, including individuals with disabilities. Quality
assurance involves evaluating and improving accessibility features such as wheelchair ramps, adaptive technologies,
braille materials, and staff training in serving diverse populations.

Safety Installing and regularly maintaining fire detection systems, such as smoke detectors and fire alarms, as well as fire suppression
equipment like fire extinguishers and sprinkler systems. Ensuring clear evacuation routes and posting visible signage indicating
fire exits.
SPECIFICATIONS
20
Safety Adequate lighting: Proper illumination throughout the library helps prevent accidents, ensures clear
visibility, and deters criminal activity.
Security systems: Implementing security measures such as video surveillance cameras, access control
systems, and alarm systems to help deter and identify potential threats or unauthorized access
Ergonomic considerations: Ensuring that furniture and seating arrangements promote comfort and
provide proper support to prevent strains or injuries.
Accessibility: Ensuring the library is accessible to individuals with disabilities by providing ramps,
elevators, and accessible restrooms
It is crucial to regularly review and update safety measures based on evolving needs and changing
circumstances to ensure a safe and secure environment for all who utilize the library.

Environmental Factors Natural Lighting: Maximizing the use of natural light by incorporating large windows, skylights, or light
wells not only reduces energy consumption but also enhances the reading experience
Indoor Air Quality: Ensuring proper ventilation systems that provide ample fresh air circulation can
improve air quality and create a comfortable environment for library users. Additionally, using materials
with low volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can minimize indoor air pollution
Acoustics: Incorporating sound-absorbing materials, such as acoustic ceiling tiles, carpets, or wall panels,
helps reduce noise levels within the library. This allows for a quieter study environment and enhances
concentration.
Thermal Comfort: Designing an efficient HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) system to
maintain appropriate temperature and humidity levels is essential. It is important to consider regional
climate conditions and implement insulation and shading strategies to minimize energy loss.
Sustainable Design: Incorporating sustainable design principles, such as using energy-efficient lighting,
utilizing recycled materials, implementing water-saving fixtures, and considering renewable energy sources,
contributes to reducing the library's environmental impact and promoting eco-consciousness .
SPECIFICATIONS 21

Environmental Outdoor Spaces: Integrating outdoor areas, such as courtyards or terraces, provides additional spaces for relaxation,
Factors reading, or hosting events. Incorporating greenery, seating, and natural elements can create an inviting and serene outdoor
environment.
By considering these environmental factors during library design planning, I can create a space that is not only functional
and aesthetically pleasing but also promotes a sustainable, comfortable, and inclusive environment for library users.
Ergonomics Seating: Provide a choice of comfortable seating options with adjustable seats that encourage appropriate posture; consider
ergonomic features such as lumbar support, adjustable seat height, and armrests to meet varied body types and preferences.
Workstations: Design workspaces, such as study tables or computer stations, at appropriate heights to promote neutral
body posture. Ensure adequate legroom and adjustability for different user heights. Incorporate cable management solutions
to prevent trip hazards.
Lighting: Utilize adjustable lighting fixtures to control brightness levels and reduce glare on reading surfaces.
Computer Ergonomics: Set up computer stations with adjustable monitors, keyboards, and mice to accommodate proper
alignment of the body, including the eyes, neck, arms, and wrists.
Accessibility: Consider the needs of individuals with disabilities when selecting furniture and designing spaces. Provide
wheelchair-accessible workstations, adjustable tables, and other assistive devices to ensure inclusivity.
Layout and Traffic Flow: Design the library layout to facilitate ease of movement with clear paths and ample space between
furniture. Avoid overcrowding and provide sufficient circulation areas to prevent congestion.
Storage and Shelving: Arrange shelves at appropriate heights to enable easy access to books and materials. Use adjustable
or pull-out shelving systems to reduce the need for reaching or stretching
Break Areas: Allocate spaces for relaxation and breaks, with comfortable seating and amenities like water coolers or
vending machines. Encourage users to take short breaks to rest their bodies and recharge
SPECIFICATIONS 22

Performance Resources and Collection: The library learning hub should have a comprehensive and up-to-date
collection of resources that align with the needs and interests of the users. This can include books, e-
books, journals, research materials, multimedia resources, and technology-based learning tools.
Technology Infrastructure: A strong technological infrastructure is essential in a library learning hub.
This includes high-speed internet access, reliable computers and devices, and software applications that
support research, collaboration, and online learning.
Learning Spaces: The hub should provide a variety of learning spaces to cater to different study and
collaboration needs. This can include quiet study areas, group discussion rooms, multimedia rooms, and
flexible spaces that can be adapted for various learning activities.
User Satisfaction: Ultimately, the success of a library learning hub lies in the satisfaction of its users.
Regular surveys or feedback mechanisms can be implemented to gauge user satisfaction and make
necessary adjustments to better meet their needs.
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS 23

POSSIBLE SOLUTION 1
Floor Plan: 3D View:
POSSIBLE SOLUTION 2 24
Floor Plan:

3D View:
 25
POSSIBLE SOLUTION 3
Floor Plan:

3D View:
POSSIBLE SOLUTION 4 26
Floor Plan: 3D View:
POSSIBLE SOLUTION 5 27
Floor Plan: 3D View:
POSSIBLE SOLUTION 6 28
Floor Plan: 3D View:
 EVALUATION OF POSSIBLE 29

SOLUTIONS
POSSIBL MATERIA LIGHTI STRENG VENTILATI SECURIT OCCUPANC SAFETY AVERAGE
E LS NG TH ON Y Y
SOLUTIO
N
1 3/5 3/5 4/5 3/5 4/5 4/5 3/5 3.4
2 3/5 4/5 3/5 4/5 4/5 3/5 3/5 3.4

3 4/5 3/5 4/5 3/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 3.7

4 4/5 4/5 4/5 3/5 4/5 3/5 4/5 3.7
5 3/5 2/5 3/5 2/5 4/5 3/5 4/5 3
6 3/5 3/5 4/5 3/5 3/5 4/5 4/5 3.4
Possible solution 2 & 3 have the best qualities compared to the other solutions. Due to
their differences I have decided to use their differences to create the final solution of the
library learning hub that I have intended to design
 REFINEMENT OF BEST 30
SOLUTION
Floor Plan:
I combined ideas from both Possible solutions 3 and 4 in a
way that accommodates each other. I used the design of
‘the collaboration room” from solution 4 whilst keeping
the lower design the same. I have also added another
restroom on the right side of the library so that people on
the right side do not have to walk a distance just to visit
the restroom. I have added an adequate number of
windows for good natural lighting as well as ventilation,
taking consumer needs to consideration.

3D Front elevation: 3D Back elevation: 3D Side elevation:

WORKING DRAWING 31