Avian Pseudotuberculosis

Presented By:
Kuber kumar sah
6th sem, BVSc&A.H. NPI
Introduction
⮚ This disease also known as Yersiniosis.
⮚ This is a disease reported to occur in some
countries and is probably world wide in
distribution.
⮚ It is however economically less important disease.
⮚ The yersinosis are zoonotic infections of domestic
and wild animal and humans are considered
incidental host that don't contribute the natural
cycle.
Etiology
⮚ The disease is caused by Yersinia
pseudotuberculosis is a gram negative,
coccoid, bipolar organism.
Transmission
⮚ Transmission of yersiniosis is largely ingestion of
infectious prey, foodborne and occasionaly
waterborne
⮚ Feco-oral route transmission
⮚ If pathogenic species of Yersinia are common in
wild bird populations, this creates a potential for
transmission of bacteria to humans and animals.
⮚ Migratory birds could potentially carry bacteria
along the migratory routes,
Clinical signs/Symptoms
⮚ Weakness
⮚ Septicemia with symptoms like those of acute
fowl cholera or death without symptoms.
⮚ Constipation
⮚ Diarrhea
⮚ Loss of appetite
⮚ Emaciation
⮚ Ruffled feather
Pathogenesis
Entry of bacteria by ingested of contaminated foods water

Reaches the terminal ileum and proximal colon

Penetrate the epithelial cells of gut including Peyer’s patches

intracellular infection with invade microphages and proliferation

Inhibit the phagocytosis by TTSS and Yops, Y. pseudotuberculosis

• Mucosal ulceration in terminal ileum

Mucosal ulceration in terminal ileum

Septicemia with immunocompromising and

illness

Fatal death
Gross lesions
⮚ In acute form, there may be necrotising
gastroenteritis with mucosal erosion.
⮚ enlargement of spleen.
⮚ Typholitis
⮚ Grey-yellow granulomatous nodule 1-3 cm in
diameter in lungs, liver and spleen.
Fig. 1. Multifocal to coalescing chronic severe mixed
heterophilic/granulomatous necrotizing osteomyelitis (>)
in the distal femur (F) and the proximal tibiotarsus (T) is
grossly visible in the metaphyseal and physeal regions as
roundish cavities filled with grey gelatinous material. The
largest lesion has a piece of necrotic cartilage (*) in the
centre.
Microscopic lesions
⮚ Mesenteric lymphadenitis
⮚ Infiltration of payer's patches
⮚ Liquefactive necrosis surrounded by bacteria,
macrophage and lymphocyte.
⮚ Presence of necrotic spots of 1 to 2 mm size
may be found in spleen, liver and sometimes
in lungs.
Necrosuppurative lesions identified histologically in the lung
(a), liver (b), and uterus (c and d) from ID1. These were
characterized by central necrotic areas (asterisks) surrounded
by abundant intralesional colonies of bacterial rods (thin
arrows) and variable numbers of degenerated neutrophils
(thick arrows). HE, Bar 500 μm (a and c), 200 μm (b) and 50
μm (d), respectively
Diagnosis
⮚ History and signs and symptoms
⮚ PM lesions
⮚ Biochemical test like as Indole, citrate,
catalase, oxidase, motility,TSI etc.
⮚ Serological test: ELISA, IFA
Differential Diagnosis
⮚ Plague(Y.pestis) (cat scratch fever, acute
appendicitis, septiceamic, enteric fever)
⮚ Y.entercolitica(Diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss)
⮚ Tularemia(skin ulcer, swollen and painful
lymph gland, inflamed eyes, sore throat,
diarrhea or pneumonia)
⮚ Salmonellosis(Diarrhea, fever, abdominal
crempts, nausea vomiting)