REPRODUCTIVE

HEALTH/FAMILY PLANNING
BY
MAJ C ADIASANI
 DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION

Demography is the scientific study of

human population, including their
size, composition, density, growth and
other demographic and socio-
economic characteristics and the
causes and consequences of changes
in these factors.
 DEMOGRAPHY Cont
 Demography also tries to
explain why the changes have
taken place and attempt to
predict future events.

WHAT IS POPULATION?
 PROFILE OF POPULATION
GROWTH
Expansive and rapid growth
Constructive and slow growth
Stationary and near zero growth
 DEMOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
 Population size
 Population distribution
 Age composition
 Sex composition
 POPULATION INCREASE
FACTORS
 Early marriage
 High fertility rate
 Falling death rate
 Migration/Immigration
 BELIEFS AND MISCONCEPTIONS
ABOUT FAMILY PLANNING

 High regard for large families,

children are a blessing to a family.
 Children help with work.
 Having more children is good.
 Some churches think it’s a sin
 Some believe it kills especially
the pill.
 BELIEFS AND MISCONCEPTIONS
Cont
 Some believe it causes disability
like paralysis.
 IUD can enter the heart.
 IUD can damage the uterus.
 It can cause sterility.
 It can cause cancer.
 FAMILY PLANNING METHODS

 Short Term Method

 Barrier Method
 Hormonal- Oral Pills
- Injectable
 Long Term Method
 Intra Uterine Device
 Jadelle/Implants
 FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
 Permanent Method
 Tubal Ligation
 Vasectomy
 Natural Family Planning Method
 LAM
 Calendar/Rhythm
 Basal Body Temperature
 Symptothermal
 Cycle Beads
 BARRIER METHODS
 Condoms
 Diaphragm
 Cervical Cup
 Spermicidal
 Foaming Tablets
 HORMONAL
 ORAL/INJECTABLE
CONTRACEPTIVES
PROGESTINE ONLY
Eligibility- All Women including
lactating mothers
Effectiveness- 99.5%
 HORMONAL Cont
 COMBINED ORAL
CONTRACEPTIVES (COC)
They contain low doses of
progesterone and oestrogen.
Eligibility- All mothers excluding
breast feeding mothers less than six
weeks postpartum, women with
heart conditions.
Effectiveness- 99.5%
 MECHANISM OF ACTION
 It inhibits ovulation but not
consistent.
 It thickens the cervical mucus
to prevent sperm entry.
 It changes the lining of the
uterus to inhibit implantation of
the fertilized ovum
It reduces sperm motility.
 ADVANTAGES
 Easy and convenient.
 Does not interrupt coitus
 Reduces the chances of
getting ovarian cyst
 Easily reversible and return to
fertility is rapid.
 DISADVANTAGES
 For the tablet, it can be easily
forgotten.
 May cause some side effects
like headache, nausea and
spotting.
 Does not protect against STIs