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Model Power Point Pharma Info
Model Power Point Pharma Info
Author Co-author
Name : Parikh Ankitkumar Yogeshbhai. College: Institute of pharmacy; Nirma university, Year: 4th year E mail id: ankit_parikh_22889@yahoo.c o.in Profile link: http://www.pharmainfo.net/ ankit
Introduction
DEFINATION: Transdermal permeation (percutaneous absorption): The passage of substance from the outside of the skin through its various layers into the bloodstream. Drug Transdermal permeation Particles
Transdermal permeation
Disadvantages of TDS
Drug that require high blood levels cannot be administered Adhesive may not adhere well to all types of skin Drug or drug formulation may cause skin irritation or sensitization Uncomfortable to wear May not be economical.
Passive
Suffers from various limitations, primarily due to lack of permeability of many drugs & skin nature.
Active
Iontophoresis
Electroporation
Micro needle
Rf systems
Various Approaches
a) Transdermal diffusion, possibly in the presence of a chemical enhancer, takes place by a tortuous route across the stratum corneum, winding around cells and occurring along the interfaces of extracellular lipid bilayers. b) Low-voltage electrical enhancement by iontophoresis can make transport pathways through hair follicles and sweat ducts more accessible. c) High-voltage enhancement by electroporation has been shown to occur via transcellular pathways made accessible by disrupting lipid bilayers. The application of ultrasound seems to make pathways a and c more permeable by disorganizing lipid bilayer structure. d) Microneedles and RF cell ablation create micron-scale holes in skin to
Principle
It is based on principle of RF ablation, a wellknown medical technology to eliminate living cells which used to cut through tissues in minimally invasive operations or to destroy small tumors in the kidney and liver by passing an alternating electrical current at a frequency above 100 KHz (radio frequency) through the area.
Method
Application of RF device by placing a closely spaced array of tiny electrodes with very precise dimensions against the skin Alternating electrical current is transferred through each of the microelectrodes
form
the
Application of transdermal patch and microchannels serve as aquatic channels into the inner layers of the skin
RF with well-
electrode
Passig current
patch
(a) THE DEVICE (b) THE MICROELECTRODE ARRAY (c) THE PATCH
Stained microchannel
Table shows the bioavailability of three drug molecules studied by Galit Levin.
Main Application
For macromolecules
Patch technology for Macromolecules The delivery of these macromolecules through a full-thickness porcine skin that had been pretreated with the device. An increase in molecular size brought about a decrease in delivery rate.
The largest 70-kDa molecule was successfully delivered transdermally through the RF microchannels.
A convenient, painless, and less invasive alternative to injection, a common method for administering large proteins and peptides in low manufacturing cost.
In contrast to oral delivery , this avoid first pass effect and offers the benefit of immediate cessation of drug administration in case of an adverse effect or overdose.
In contrast to passive delivery , this allow for the delivery of watersoluble drugs
So, Microchannel over other Advantage based Trans Delivery System by using Radio Frequency ( RF) is conventional techniques a Novel Approch for Drug delivery system
In contrast to Iontophoresis , this is use for long time There is also no molecular size limitation, no molecular electrical charge requirement, and no specific formulation pH constraint. In contrast to micro needle , this is use for potent & less potent drug, the more extended release the delivery system
Acknowledgement
Writing this acknowledgement has provided me with the great opportunity to note the enormous help & guidance given by various persons whose work was note worthy & cant be diminished from my mind & soul. I would like to thank www.pharmainfo.net to give me opportunity of presenting power point presentation regarding my interested topic. I would like to thank our principal Dr. Avani F. Amin & other faculty members who encourage me for this purpose. I would also like to thank librarian of my institute for giving me permission to utilize our library resources. Finally, I would like to mention a very special thank to my coauthor who give me his valuable time, support and constant guidance with continuous suggestions to make this presentation very effective.
References
B. Decadt and A.K. Siriwardena, "Radiofrequency Ablation of Liver Tumors: A Systematic Review," Lancet Oncol.5 (9), 550560 (2004). A. Hines-Peralta and S.N. Goldberg, "Review of Radiofrequency Ablation for Renal Cell Carcinoma," Clin. Cancer Res. 10 , 6328S6334S (2004). S. Nahum Goldberg, "Radiofrequency Tumor Ablation: Principles and Techniques," Eur. J. Ultrasound 13 (2), 129 147 (2001). L. Solbiati et al., "Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation of Hepatic Metastases," Eur. J. Ultrasound, 13 (2), 149158 (2001). F.J. McGovern et al., "Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma via Image Guided Needle Electrodes," J. Urol. 161 (2), 599600 (1999).
References
A.S. Sintov et al., "Radiofrequency-driven Skin Microchanneling as a New Way for Electrically Assisted Transdermal Delivery of Hydrophilic Drugs," J. Controlled Release, 89 (2), 311320 (2003). Z. Avrahami, "Transdermal Drug Delivery and Analyte Extraction," US Patent No. 6,148,232 (2000). Z. Sohn and Z. Avrahami, "Monopolar and Bipolar Current Application for Transdermal Drug Delivery and Analyte Extraction," US Patent No. 6,611,706 (2001). G. Levin et al., "Transdermal Delivery of Human Growth Hormone through RF-Microchannels," Pharm. Res. 22 (4), 550555 (2005). M.R. Prausnitz, S. Mitragotri, and L. Langer, "Current Status and Future Potential of Transdermal Drug Delivery," Nature Rev. Drug Disc.3 (2),115124 (2004).
Thank you