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Lecture 6
Lecture 6
Lecture 6
Centroid (NA)
Moment of Inertia
Example (uncracked) Example (uncracked)
Area yi y
i
A I y
i
- y (y
i
-y)
2
A
Concrete bh h/2 bh
2
/2 bh
3
/12 (h/2-y) (h/2-y)bd
Steel (n-1)A
s
d d(n-1)A
s
--- (d-y) (d-y)
2
(n-1)A
s
)
)
) ) )
2
s
i i
i s
2
3
2 2
s
1
y A
2
A 1
1
12 2
i i i
bh
n A d
y
bh n A
bh h
I I y y A y bh d y n A
+
= =
+
+
= + = + +
' '
Example Example - - (cracked) (cracked)
For a cracked section the
concrete is in compression
and steel is in tension.
The strain in the beam is
linear.
c
s s
1
2
C yb f
T A f
=
=
Example Example - - (cracked) (cracked)
Using Equilibrium
s s c
s c
s
1
2
2
T C
A f yb f
yb
f f
A
=
=
+
=
' '
Example Example - - (cracked) (cracked)
Using Hookes law
s s c c
s
2
yb
E E
A
I I
+
=
' '
f EI =
However, this is an indeterminate problem to
find . We will need to use a compatibility
condition.
y
c s s s
s c
2 2 E A nA
E yb yb
I
I
+
+
= =
' '
' '
Example Example - - (cracked) (cracked)
Using a compatibility
condition.
s c c
s
d d
y
y y y
I I I
I
= =
Substitute into the first equation.
Example Example - - (cracked) (cracked)
s
2nA y
d y yb
=
coefficient is proportion of
average stress distribution covers.
65 . 0
1000
4000
* 05 . 0 85 . 0
psi 4000 for 85 . 0
c
1
c 1
u
=
=
f
f
F
F
Flexural Stress Flexural Stress
Requirements for analysis of reinforced concrete beams
[1] Stress-Strain Compatibility Stress at a point in
member must correspond to strain at a point.
[2] Equilibrium Internal
forces balances with
external forces
Flexural Stress Flexural Stress
Example of rectangular reinforced concrete beam.
(1) Setup equilibrium.
'
+
'
=
=
= =
n
c s s
x
M
2
T 0
85 . 0
C T 0
a
d M
ab f f A
F
Flexural Stress Flexural Stress
Example of rectangular reinforced concrete beam.
(2) Find flexural capacity.
b f
f A
a
ab f C
f A T
c
y s
c
s s
85 . 0
85 . 0
=
=
=
Flexural Stress Flexural Stress
Example of rectangular reinforced concrete beam.
(2) Find flexural capacity.
)
n
s y
M moment arm
2
T
a
A f d
=
+
=
' '
Flexural Stress Flexural Stress
Example of rectangular reinforced concrete beam.
(3) Need to confirm I
s
> I
y
)
y c s
1
s
y
y
I I I
F
W
I
"
=
=
=
c
c d
a
c
E
Flexural Stress Example Flexural Stress Example
Example of rectangular reinforced concrete beam.
Given a rectangular beam
f
c
= 4000 psi
f
y
= 60 ksi (4 #7 bars)
b = 12 in. d = 15.5 in. h= 18 in.
Find the neutral axis.
Find the moment capacity of the beam.
Example Example
Determine the area of steel, #7 bar has 0.6 in
2
.
The F value is F
1
= 0.85 because the concrete
has a f
c
=4000 psi.
)
2 2
s
4 0.6 in 2.4 in A = =
Example Example
From equilibrium
)
)
) )
c s
2
s
c
0.85
60 ksi 2.4 in
3.53 in.
0.85 0.85 4 ksi 12 in
y
y
C T
f ba f A
f A
a
f b
=
=
= = =
1
3.53 in.
4.152 in.
0.85
a
c
F
= = =
The neutral axis is
Example Example
Check to see whether or not the steel has yielded.
y
y
s
60 ksi
0.00207
E 29000 ksi
f
I = = =
Check the strain in the steel
)
)
s
0.003
15.5 in. 4.152 in.
0.003 0.0082 0.000207
4.152 in.
d c
c
I
+
=
' '
+
= = "
' '
Steel yielded!
Example Example
Compute moment capacity of the beam.
)
)
n s y
2
2
3.53 in.
2.4 in 60 ksi 15.5 in.
2
1979 k-in. 164.8 k-ft.
a
M A f d
+
=
' '
+
=
' '
=