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    1 Strophanthus

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    jay
    This document describes Strophanthus kombe, an indigenous climbing plant from eastern Africa whose seeds are used to produce strophanthin. Strophanthin is extracted from the seeds and used as an alternative therapeutic to foxglove leaves. The seeds are lanceolate in shape with a thread-like awn and silky sheen. Microscopy shows epidermal cells, parenchyma tissue, endosperm and cotyledons. The seeds contain mixtures of glycosides like strophanthosides and constituents that break down into strophanthidin. Strophanthin is used as a diuretic, raises blood pressure and is a powerful cardiac poison similar but non-cumulative like foxglove

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    1 Strophanthus

    Uploaded by

    jay
    420 views8 pages
    This document describes Strophanthus kombe, an indigenous climbing plant from eastern Africa whose seeds are used to produce strophanthin. Strophanthin is extracted from the seeds and used as an alternative therapeutic to foxglove leaves. The seeds are lanceolate in shape with a thread-like awn and silky sheen. Microscopy shows epidermal cells, parenchyma tissue, endosperm and cotyledons. The seeds contain mixtures of glycosides like strophanthosides and constituents that break down into strophanthidin. Strophanthin is used as a diuretic, raises blood pressure and is a powerful cardiac poison similar but non-cumulative like foxglove

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    1.Strophanthus

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    This document describes Strophanthus kombe, an indigenous climbing plant from eastern Africa whose seeds are used to produce strophanthin. Strophanthin is extracted from the seeds and used as an alternative therapeutic to foxglove leaves. The seeds are lanceolate in shape with a thread-like awn and silky sheen. Microscopy shows epidermal cells, parenchyma tissue, endosperm and cotyledons. The seeds contain mixtures of glycosides like strophanthosides and constituents that break down into strophanthidin. Strophanthin is used as a diuretic, raises blood pressure and is a powerful cardiac poison similar but non-cumulative like foxglove

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    420 views8 pages

    1 Strophanthus

    Uploaded by

    jay
    This document describes Strophanthus kombe, an indigenous climbing plant from eastern Africa whose seeds are used to produce strophanthin. Strophanthin is extracted from the seeds and used as an alternative therapeutic to foxglove leaves. The seeds are lanceolate in shape with a thread-like awn and silky sheen. Microscopy shows epidermal cells, parenchyma tissue, endosperm and cotyledons. The seeds contain mixtures of glycosides like strophanthosides and constituents that break down into strophanthidin. Strophanthin is used as a diuretic, raises blood pressure and is a powerful cardiac poison similar but non-cumulative like foxglove

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Source

     Obtained from
    Strophanthus kombe
    Apocynaceae
     It’s a climbing plant
     Indigenous to eastern tropical Africa
     Extract of seed is used as arrow poison in
    Africa
     Later examined & found as cardiac poison
     Finally Strophanthin is isolated &
    recommended as a therapeutic substitute
    for foxglove leaves
    Collection
     Consists of two follicles slightly
    narrowed at base & tapering apex
     Each follicle contains closely
    packed seeds with long awns
     Fruits collected when they are
    ripe & exported after having been
    freed from epicarp & fleshy
    mesocarp
     More commonly seeds separated
    from follicles ,deprived of their
    awns & sent
    Description
     Shape Lanceolate , testa prolonged at apex
    into thread like awn which
    terminates in a plume of hairs
     Apex Broken due to removal of awn
     Base Slight inconspicuous winged extension
     Raphe Runs from the apex to 2/3 of its
    length along the central line of one of the
    broad faces of seed
     Trichomes Directed towards apex &
    gives silky sheen
     Colour Grayish green to fawn
     Odour Unpleasant
     Taste Bitter
    Microscopy
     E[pidermis polygonal tubular ,thikened ,lignified cells
    Upper surface of each cell extended as
    trichome & appressed to seed
     Parenchyma thin layered , collapsed
    with occasional calcium oxalate
     Endosperm thin walled parenchyma with abundant
    fixed oil & aleurone grains
     Cotyledons same as endosperm , two in number
    Constituents
     Mixtures of glycosides known as k-strophanthin
    together with kombic acid , choline , trigonelline
     Cymarin strophanthidin + cymarose
    Hydrolysis

     k- strophanthoside β
    Hydrolysis
    strophanthidin + cymarose + glucose
     k- strophanthoside
    Hydrolysis

    strophanthidin + cymarose + 2 glucose

     Cymarol strophanthidol + cymarose


    Hydrolysis
    Uses
     Rises B.P
     Efficient diuretic
     Powerful cardiac poison
     Similar to foxglove but non-
    cumulative
    Tests
    Fractured surface moistened with
    80%sulphuric acid
    Endosperm emerald green
    Substituents
     S.hispidus h-strophanthin + ve
    test
     S.courmontii not known red violet
     S.nicholsoni not known red
     S.gratus ouabain rose red

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