BIOMETRICS

GUIDED BY: Mr. KHADAR BABA, (Professor)

PRESENTED BYA.VIJAY PAPI REDDY 07H51A0466

BIOMETRICS
Definition Biometrics is the identification or verification of human identity through the measurement of repeatable physiological and behavioral characteristics

Categories of BIOMETRICS: Biometrics can be sorted into two classes: Physiological

Examples-face,fingerprints,hand geometry and iris Recognition,dna.

Behavioral
Examples-signature and voice.

Working principle :
Biometric devices consist of a reader or scanning device software that converts the gathered information into digital form, and a database that stores the biometric data with comparison with existing records.

Enrollment Mode. Verification Mode.

Modes:
Enrollment Mode:
A sample of the biometric trait is captured, processed by a computer, and stored for later comparison .

Verification Mode:
In this mode biometric system authenticates a persons claimed identity from their previously enrolled pattern.

Biometric Modalities:
Fingerprint Recognition:
For fingerprint Recognition look at :        Friction ridges. Core Crossover. Delta. Island Ridge Ending. Pore.

Minutiae
Uses ridge endings ,bifurcations on a persons finger to plot points know as Minutiae. The number and locations of the minutiae vary from finger to finger in any particular person, and from person to person for any particular finger.

Finger Image

Finger Image + Minutiae

Minutiae

Face Recognition:
It involves recognizing people by there: Facial features. Face geometry. Principle: Analysis of unique shape, pattern and positioning of facial features.

Voice Recognition:

Voice recognition is not the same as speech recognition, it is speaker recognition. Considered both physiological and behavioral. Popular and low-cost, but less accurate and sometimes lengthy enrollment.

Styles of spoken input:

These system have three styles of spoken inputs:
Text Dependent. Text prompted. Text Independent.

Iris Recognition:
Iris: It is the coloured area of the eye that surrounds the pupil. It is a protected internal organ whose random texture is stable throughout life. The iris patterns are obtained through a video-based image acquisition system .

Iris Images:

Signature Verification:
Static/Off-line: the conventional way Dynamic/On-line: using electronically
instrumented device. Principle:
The movement of the pen during the signing process rather than the static image of the signature.Many aspects of the signature in motion can be studied, such as pen pressure, the sound the pen makes.

Biometric devices:
Optical fingerprint scanner:

Personal fingerprint safes: These safes are revolutionary locking systems storage cases that open with just the touch of your finger.

ADVANTAGES OF BIOMETRICS:
Biometric identification can provide extremely accurate to information; fingerprints retinal and iris scans produce absolutely unique data sets when done properly. Current methods like password verification have many problems(people write them down, they forget them ,they make up easy-to-hack password). Automated biometric identification can be done very rapidly and uniformly with a minimum of training. Your identity can be verified with out resort to documents that may be stolen, lost or altered.

DISADVANTAGES OF BIOMETRICS:
The finger print of those people working in chemical industries are often affected. therefore those companies should not use fingerprint mode of authentication. It is found that with age ,the voice of a person differs. Also when the person has flu or throat infection the voice changes or if there are too much noise in environment this method may not authenticate correctly therefore this method of verification is not workable at all time. For people affected with diabetes, the eyes get affected resulting in differences. Biometric is an expensive security solution.

BIOMETRICS SECURITY:
Security personnel look for biometric data that does not change over the course of your life; that is, they look for physical characteristics that stay constant and that are difficult to fake or change on purpose.