IMPEDENCE - SOURCE INVERTER FOR MOTOR DRIVES

OBJECTIVE
To implement an Impedance Source Inverter for motor drives. Which can be used as Buck-Boost the input voltage, minimizes the Harmonics, increases the efficiency and reduces the cost.

Traditional Source Inverters

Voltage Source Inverter. Current Source Inverter.

Voltage Source Inverter

Problems This inverter can be used only for Buck operation. For application where the required output voltage is high, an additional dc-dc boost dcconverter is needed to obtain a desired ac output. This inverter does not have ability to provide ride-through rideduring voltage sags . additional power converter stage increases system cost and lowers efficiency. It is immune to noise.

M1

M3

M5

2 D3 1 2 D4 1 C

V1 50v

2 C3 1

M6 D6

M4

M2 D5

TO LOAD

Current Source Inverter

Problems
This Inverter can be used for only Boost operation. The dc link Filter Inductor is large, costly and Contributes to losses The open circuit by noise is the major concern Can cause high voltage spikes on motor terminals. Usually not possible to use with more than one motor. Lower efficiency due to high power loss
L6 1 2

M1

M3

M5

2 D3 1 2 D4 1 C

V1 50v

M6 D6

M4

M2 D5

TO LOAD

FEATURES OF Z SOURCE INVERTER

The impedance source inverter can provide Buck-Boost Buckoperation. operation. The output voltage range is not limited. limited. It is less effected by EMI noise. noise. This Inverter provide ride-through during voltage sags ride It reduces the harmonics therefore increase the power factor and efficiency. efficiency. The impedance source inverter cost is low. low. The impedance source inverter concept can be applied in all ac-ac , dc-dc, ac-dc, dc-ac power conversion acdc- acdc-

Proposed Z-Source Inverter Unit Z-

Block Diagram Impedance Source Inverter for A.C Drives

AC Supply AC To DC Rectifier IMPEDANCE NETWORK Three Phase Inverter Motor

PWM Technique PWM Thecni

Z Source Inverter mainly consist of three parts. They are

1. 3 Diode Rectifier

2. Impedance Network 3. 3 Inverter

When an ac supply is given to the Diode Rectifier, it converts the ac voltage to dc voltage. The diodes are numbered in order of conduction sequences and each diode conduct for 120 degrees. The conduction sequence of diode is 16, 63, 32, 25, 54, and 41. The pair of diodes which are connected between that pair of supply lines having the highest amount of instantaneous line-to-line will conduct . It is commonly used in high power applications. A3 Diode Rectifier is shown in Fig 1.

Fig 3 shows a Two Port Impedance Network. These networks are used in filter sections and are also used as attenuators and they are sometimes used in preference to ladder structure in some special applications. This lattice network, L1 and L2 are series arms inductances,C1 and C2 are diagonal capacitances and it consists of split inductors L1 and L2 and capacitors C1 and C2 connected in X-shape. This network is coupled with the main circuits and the source.

Inductor and capacitor requirements:

The Impedance source network is a combination of two inductors and two capacitors. The impedance source network is the energy storage or filtering element for the Impedance source inverter. This impedance source network provides a second order filter. During Buck operation the two inductors (L1 and L2) approaches to zero and the Impedance source network reduces to two capacitors (C1 andC2) in parallel and becomes traditional voltage source. Similarly, during Buck operation the two capacitors (C1 and C2) approaches to zero, the Impedance source network reduces to two inductors (L1 and L2) in series and becomes a traditional current source. The equivalent circuit of Impedance Network is shown in Fig 4.

When the obtainable dc voltage is given to the inverter it converts the dc voltage to ac voltage. Basically, there are two possible schemes of gating the switches. In one scheme, each switch conducts for 180o and in othe scheme, each switch conducts for 120 degrees. Fig 5 shows a 3 phase inverter.

Application
Variable Speed Drives For Fuel Cells in motor vehicles. Variable speed drives. Uninterruptible power supplies. Induction heating. High voltage dc transmission lines The impedance source concept can be applied in all ac-ac , dc-dc, ac-dc, dc-ac power conversion acdc- acdc-