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Maglev Presentation Final
Maglev Presentation Final
WHAT IS A MAGLEV?
A MAGLEV is a MAGnetically LEVitated train, that relies more on magnetic systems than mechanical systems for its propulsion and stability.
TYPES OF MAGLEVS
EDS Type- This type uses wheels to reach liftTypeliftoff velocity ( typically at 100mph)and then retracts the wheels and then uses electromagnets for levitation and propulsion. One of the early developed models. EMS Type- This type uses only Typeelectromagnets for levitation and propulsion. INDUCTRACK- This is a variant of EDS INDUCTRACKType it uses induction coils for levitation.
The electromagnets on
the underside of the train pull it up to the ferromagnetic stators on the track and levitate the train. The magnets on the side keep the train from moving from side to side. A computer changes the amount of current to keep the train 1 cm from the track.
This means there is no friction between the train and the track!
PROPULSION MECHANISM
The system consists of aluminum or copper cable windings in the stator packs that are on the guide way. When a current is supplied to the windings, it creates a traveling alternating current that propels the train forward by pushing and pulling.
When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes. Different speeds are achieved by varying the intensity of the current. Only the section of track where the train is traveling is electrified.
POWER SUPPLY
Batteries on the train power the system and also its propulsion. Levitation system uses less power than the trains air conditioning. Onboard batteries are rechargeable and are done using its linear generators.
Propulsion An alternating current is ran through electromagnet coils on the guide walls of the guide way. This creates a magnetic field that attracts and repels the superconducting magnets on the train and propels the train forward. Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsive forces.
Levitation The passing of the superconducting magnets by figure eight levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a current in the coils and creates a magnetic field. This pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 10 cm above the track. The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is equipped with retractable wheels.
Lateral Guidance When one side of the train nears the side of the guide way, the super conducting magnet on the train induces a repulsive force from the levitation coils on the side closer to the train and an attractive force from the coils on the farther side. This keeps the train in the center.
INDUCTRACK SYSTEM
Still in research
IN THE END.
Based on the pros and cons of different models and our limitations we decide to build an I-TYPE EMS IMAGLEV train, that will be run on a 30 meter track. We planned to use a C-Type Clevitation system that hasnt been used till now in the commercial market ,but has proven itself in the test runs.
TRAIN DIMENSIONS
LEVITATION SYSTEM
The train is stabilized by C-Type levitation Csystem . C-Type levitation doesnt require any additional guidance system , the guidance force is generated due its design.
In C-Type levitation Ca substantial amount of restoring force is developed than a flat panel one. Thereby in C-Type Cno extra guidance coils are required .
FORCE OF LEVITATION
The force of levitation was found to be as shown Mu is the permeability constant, N is no. of turns,I is the current flowing through the wire, A is the area of cross section of electromagnetic limb and delta is the gap between the electromagnet and iron core
Typically on a values of N = 2000/mtr, A=2x10^(A=2x10^(-3)square meter, delta = 10 mm, i= 1 ampere , we get a force of nearly 240 newtons that is sufficient for this model. And the resonant frequency of guidance force at its mean position has a value 6 .6 Hz where as expected and practical values are to lie between 1Hz to 10 Hz .
The trains chassis will be mainly made up of aluminum to ,with an iron cage to shield electronic circuitry from strong magnetic fields. The other parts including the body of maglev will be made of Fiber Reinforced Plastic. The train will have basic ambience and rechargeable batteries onboard similar to the existing models. The trains motion and ambience will be controlled from ground stations similar to real ones.
BUDGET
We as of now have not got any replies for price quotations so we are estimating it might cost us approximately 50,000/- to 60,000/- Rs. 50,000/- 60,000/-
THANK YOU
REFERENCES
Integrated electromagnetic levitation and guidance system for the Swiss Metro project, by DARRIGO Aldo, RUFER Alfred, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Wikipedia.