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Memristors: By, Saransh Singh
Memristors: By, Saransh Singh
Memristors: By, Saransh Singh
By,
Saransh Singh
Contents
Introduction Basic Memristor Model V-I Characteristics Formula for Memristance Types for Memristors Working of Memristors Merits and Demerits Possible Applications
Conclusion
Introduction
Currently known fundamental passive elements Resistors,
Capacitors & Inductors. Leon O. Chua formulated Memristor theory in his paper Memristor-The Missing Circuit Element in 1971. Later Memristor was named the 4th Fundamental element It is a 2 terminal passive device, relates charge to flux
Behaves like a nonlinear resistor with memory. The memristor is currently under development by a team at
d/dq = ?
What is Memristance ?
Memristance is a property of an electronic component. When charge flows in one direction, its resistance increases, and if direction is reversed, resistance decreases. When v=0, charge flow stops & component will remember the last resistance it had.
That's an effect that can't be duplicated by any circuit combination of resistors, capacitors, and inductors, which is why the memristor qualifies as a fundamental circuit element
V-I Characteristics
In ordinary resistors there is a linear relationship between
current and voltage However, for memristors a similar graph is a little more complicated These two straight line curves may be interpreted as two distinct resistance states with the remainder of the curve as transition regions between these two states.
Types of Memristors
Spintronic Memristor
Spin Torque Transfer Magneto resistance Titanium dioxide memristor Polymeric memristor Spin memristive systems
Working of Memristors
Spintronic Memristor
Spin of electrons Magnetism Magneto resistance principal Electrons flow alters the magnetization state
Titanium Memristors
o Two thin layer sandwich, 1st layer is oxygen deficient
o The oxygen vacancies act as charge carriers and this implies that the depleted layer has a much lower resistance than the
non-depleted layer
o When an electric field is applied, the oxygen vacancies drift, changing the boundary between the high-resistance and low-
resistance layers
Titanium Memristor
Crossbar Architecture
Connected mesh of perpendicular wires Crossing wires connected by switch
Possible Applications
Cheaper Memristor made chips: They are nanoscale devices
with unique properties: a variable resistance and the ability to remember the resistance even when the power is off
Memristor as Digital and Analog: A memristive device can function in both digital and analog forms In digital mode, it could substitute conventional solid-state memories (Flash) with high-speed and less steeply priced nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM)
No Rebooting: The memristor's memory has consequences The reason computers have to be rebooted every time they are turned on is that their logic circuits are incapable of holding their bits after the power is shut off But because a memristor can remember voltages, a memristordriven computer would arguably never need a reboot
Conclusion
Latest technology, High speed memory devices, Low power
requirements
By redesigning certain types of circuits to include memristors, it is possible to obtain the same function with fewer
Memristors made to replace flash memory will likely appear first; HP's goal is to offer them by 2012 Beyond that, memristors will likely replace both DRAM and hard disks in the 2014-to-2016 time frame