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Cross Layer Design
Cross Layer Design
Cross Layer Design
Wireless communications are evolving from circuit switched to packet switched infrastructures
economy, time to market delay applied to highly specific problems where backward compatibility is not important
existing proposals can be classified according to the type of architectural violation they represent as follows:
creation of new interfaces merging of adjacent layers design coupling without new interfaces vertical calibration across layers
Layer triggers:
predefined signals to notify special events between protocols cheap and quick to implement, maintains compatibility, most basic type
MobileMan:
time varying channels examples: source optimized channel coding, channel optimized source coding, etc
sufficient real time information excessive communication delay thus, information sharing not efficient isolated layers limits the ability of the transceiver and controller to be IP QoS aware
Thus, 4G system proposed Uses IP with air interface technology based on OFDM
based 3G lower layers are jointly optimized while maintaining the compatibility with standard IP architecture
CLD optimization provides scheduler with a rich set of cross-layered information such as traffic packet queue state, QoS demands and channel condition for all users, enabling it to make the best possible decision
Source and channel blocks that work in digital domain are replaced by a direct analogue source symbol to channel symbol through mapping
in wired networks it sends and receives data when required but in wireless networks it plays bigger role like, multi packet reception.
One of the motivations behind cross-layer design is to achieve the network equivalent of impedance matching A key component of making inroads towards the new architectures is to identify the interfaces between the protocol abstractions
Standardization of interfaces
direct source to destination connection, connection through relay combined relay and source (node co-operation) More diversity, performance improvment
Planned co-operation
participating nodes and their roles are decided
Unplanned co-operation
nodes are not decided prior to transmission
planned cooperation involves significantly more violation of the layered architectures than unplanned cooperation
Most works are focused on joint design of 2 or 3 layer only CLD proposals are linked with issues related to
As capacities offered through wireless LAN approach its limit that can be handled through internet backbone,
Its important to look for the new techniques like cross-layer design