Boletn Electrnico del CBG

Grain Yield and Charcoal Rot Resistance Stability in Common Beans under Terminal Drought Conditions
Jesus G. Garca-Olivares1,2, Ernesto Lpez-Salinas2, Javier Cumpin-Gutirrez3, Miguel A. Cant Almaguer 3, Francisco Zavala-Garca1 and Netzahualcoyotl Mayek-Prez2
Facultad de Agronoma, Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo Len. General Escobedo, Nuevo Len, Mxico; Centro de Biotecnologa Genmica, Instituto Politcnico Nacional. Blvd. Del Maestro sn esq. Elas Pia, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mxico; 3 Programa de Frijol. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrcolas y Pecuarias, Campos Experimentales Cotaxtla, Papaloapan y Ro Bravo, Mxico
1

Abstract

Journal of Phytopathol 160 (2012) 98105

Charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) is a major disease of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Mexico. The use of germplasm combining high-yield stability with resistance to drought and charcoal rot could reduce damage from this disease. In this study, we compared the Eberhart and Russell method and the Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model plus biplot analysis for measuring grain yield (GY) and charcoal rot resistance (CHRR) stabilities in 98 F8 : 10 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between bean adapted to the tropics (BAT) 477 (resistant) X Pinto UI-114 (susceptible). Experiments were conducted from 2007 to 2009 in Isla, Cotaxtla, Ro Bravo and Daz Ordaz, Mxico, under irrigated or terminal drought 3 conditions. anova detected significant differences (P 0.05) in GY and CHRR among environments, genotypes and genotype X environment interactions (GEI). Most RILs showed good responses to unfavourable environments based on GY (48) and CHRR (40). AMMI anova s for both traits showed that all sources of variation in the model accounted for approximately 49% of the total squared sum. For the first principal component (PC1), we found 13 RILs that were stable for GY, and for the second (PC2), we found 9 that were stable for GI. For CHRR, we detected 14 stable RILs (PC1) and eight (PC2). Biplot analysis showed the largest vectors for Daz Ordaz (irrigated and drought, 2008), where the highest and most variable GYs were detected. The shortest vectors were found in Isla (drought, 2007) and Ro Bravo (irrigated and drought, 2008), where the lowest and least variable GY were found. We found differential responses of RILs to locations, years and soil humidity conditions as well as significant GEI based on GY and CHRR. The two methods were complementary, and both gave us information to select stable, high-yield germplasm associated with resistance to charcoal rot disease.

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Boletn Electrnico del CBG

Cupriavidus and Burkholderia Species Associated with Agricultural

Plants that Grow in Alkaline Soils
Paulina Estrada-de los Santos 1 2 ,Nora Belinda Vacaseydel-Aceves 2, Lourdes Martnez-Aguilar1, Mara Antonia Cruz-Hernndez2, Alberto Mendoza-Herrera2, and Jess Caballero-Mellado1
2

Centro de Ciencias Genmicas, Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mxico Centro de Biotecnologa Genmica, Instituto Politcnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mxico
The Journal of Microbiology 6 (2011) 867-876

Abstract The presence of Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, and Ralstonia species in northeastern Mexico was investigated. An analysis of the root surrounding soil from different agricultural plants led to the isolation of Burkholderia and Cupriavidus species but no Ralstonia strains. Most Cupriavidus species were unknown and grouped into two clusters according to ARDRA profiles. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that the Cupriavidus isolates were highly related among them and with different Cupriavidus species with validated names. However, SDS-PAGE profiles were distinct among the different ARDRA profiles and to other Cupriavidus species examined, suggesting new species in the genus. This shows that Cupriavidus is more widely associated with plants than previously appreciated. The BCC isolate was 99% similar to B. cenocepacia by recA sequence analysis. Additionally, most Cupriavidus strains from the two largest groups grew on media containing up to 0.1 mg/ml of copper, 10.0 mg/ml arsenic and 1.0 mg/ml zinc.

Burkholderia

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Boletn Electrnico del CBG

Caracterizacin molecular y agronmica de aislados de Trichoderma spp nativos del noreste de Mxico
Jos Luis Hernndez Mendoza1, Mara Isabel Snchez Prez1, Jess Gerardo Garca Olivares1, Netzahualcoyotl Mayek Prez2, Juan Manuel Gonzlez Prieto2, Jess Di Carlo Quiroz Velsquez1
2 1 Laboratorio de Biotecnologa Experimental. Laboratorio de Biotecnologa Vegetal. Centro de Biotecnologa Genmica. IPN, Blvd del Maestro s/n Col Narciso Mendoza, Reynosa, Tam. 88710. Mxico.

Revista Colombiana de Biotecnologa 2 (2011 ) 176-185

Abstract

Trichoderma sp is a fungus often used in agricultural activities, because it acts as an

antagonist of several species of plant pathogenic fungi. In this study four strains of Trichoderma sp was isolated from the northeastern Mexico, which were identified by sequencing the ITS 1. We also evaluated its ability antagonistic against phytopathogenic fungi Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum this fungi are reported affecting severely maize, sorghum and beans crops in northeastern Mexico. The identification was made according to the degree of consistency with reported sequences and the data show that the isolates belong to the species T. hammatum (HK701), T. koningiopsis (HK702), T. asperellum (HK703) and Trichoderma sp (HK704). Antagonism tests showed that the isolated, HK701, HK703 and HK704 inhibited the growth by competition to M phaseolina and F. oxysporum, while the HK702 has the ability to hyperparasites these pathogens.

Finally was evaluated in maize (Pioneer 30P49) We measured the dry weight and
biomass production. The results show that at intermediate concentrations have the greatest increase in plant height and dry height of root and foliage.

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