MY PRESENTATION IS ON

INTERNATIONAL MARKETING TERMS

SUBMITTED BY:MEENAKSHI SHARMA DEPTT. MBA

Globalization
Globalization means integrating the economy of the

country with the world economy. Under this processgoods, services, capital, labor and resources move freely from one nation to another, further implying one single market in a global village. Further, the thrust of globalization has been to increase the domestic and external competition and facilitating dynamic relationship.

MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES
A corporation that has production operations in more

than one country, (e.g.:- Toyota having manufacturing facility in India as also other parts of the world.) for various reasons such as- securing supplies of raw materials, utilizing cheap labor sources, servicing local markets and bypassing protectionist barriers.

FOREIGN INVESTMENT
Investment in the domestic economy by foreign individuals or companies is called foreign investment .In general terms, foreign investment takes the form of: Direct investment in productive enterprises Investment in financial instrument such as portfolio of shares.

DES(Duty Exemption Schemes)

Duty exemption scheme allows duty-free import of inputs required for export production .but it subject to certain export obligations as stipulated in exim policy.

Global Firm:
A global firm is one that is operating in more than one country- captures research and development, production, logistical, marketing and financial advantages in its costs and reputation that are not available to purely domestic competitors. They rely on technological innovation. Enhance their capabilities through technology.

International trade :
International trade refers to trade between

countries/nations. It is always compared with inter-regional trade- meaning trade between different regions within the same country.

The BEM Concept :

BEM refers to
big emerging markets

It is an international marketing concept forwarded by Jeffrey E. Carton, in his famous treatiseThe Big Ten.

Continue..
BEMs are those markets that are growing at a faster rate than the world average market growth, from the current stage where it is at present. And here the marketers see wonderful opportunity for growth in their profitability and related issues. The BEMS are well positioned to move towards the next stage of development economic as well as market.

Balance of Payments :
Balance of Payment or BOP, is a comprehensive

record of economic transactions of the residents of a country with the rest of the world during a given period of time.The system generally adopted for recording transactions is the Double Entry Book- Keeping System.

Gray Market
Gray market channels refer to the legal export /

import transactions involving products into a country by intermediaries other than the authorized distributors. From the importers side it is known as Parallel Imports. In other words we can say, Import and export of goods and their marketing through unauthorized channels.

Customization
Under customization process management focuses on cross-border differences in the needs and wants of the firms target customers. Under customization, appropriate changes are made to match local market conditions.

SDR : SDR Defined :----

Special Drawing Rights or SDRs were created as a new and additional form of international reserves/liquidity in 1970, under the International Monetary Fund. Countries receive SDRs as per their share in reserve assets, and have an automatic right to draw them from the IMF- over and above other drawing facilities.

Export marketing
Export marketing is the first stage of the foreign trade when the firm step out of the domestic market and explore market opportunities outside the country. under it firm produce all its goods in the home country and export the surplus production to other country .

EPIP
Assistance given to the states to create infrastructure facilities for export-oriented

production known as Export Promotion Industrial Park

SRC (self reliance criteria)

An unconscious reference to ones own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge as a basis for

decision making is called SRC.

Dumping : It occurs when goods are exported at a price less than

their normal value, generally meaning they are exported for less than the price that they are sold in the domestic market or third country markets, or at less than the production cost.

Persistent dumping
Consistent tendency of a firm to sell goods

at lower price in international markets than in domestic markets is called persistent dumping .

Push strategy in international marketing

It is a promotional programmes primarily

directed at channel intermediaries in the distribution system.

Pull strategy in international marketing

Promotional programmes directed to motivate the customers to ask for the product from the retailer's

under this strategy the customers are stimulated to take the initiative.

Contract Manufacturing
A contractual arrangements under which a firms manufacturing operations are carried out in

foreign countries.

EPCG
Export Promotion Capital Goods scheme allows for the promotion of capital goods at concessional rate of duty subject to an appropriate export obligation accepted by the exporter.

The Ethnocentric Orientation

It is a belief which considers ones own country/

culture, products as superior . It views similarities in all markets/ foreign country market. Products/ services/ management practices/ methods that is being offered/ followed in ones own country/successful in ones own country will be acceptable in other world markets. Adaptation of the product is not required. Shades of egoism encircled herewith.

The Polycentric Orientation

It views each country as unique. Each subsidiary is to develop its own unique business. Each

subsidiary to develop its own marketing strategies to succeed in its own right.

The Regiocentric Orientation

It views regions as unique. Management seeks to develop an integrated regional strategy, to market

product/services- in the particular identified region. Regions are considered to be one- i.e. consumers having one taste, choices, preferences, one regional identity etc.

The Geocentric Orientation:

The Company views the entire world as a potential market. Company strives to develop integrated

world market strategies. It views similarities and differences in markets and countries. It seeks to create a global strategy- responsive to local needs and wants.