IEEE 802.

21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-06-0747-00-0000-Idle-Mode-and-Paging Title: Media Independent Paging Service Date Submitted: November, 2006 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #17 Dallas Authors or Source(s): Muthaih Venkatachalam, Shweta Shrivastava, James Tsai, Emily Qi, Vivek Gupta (Intel Corporation) Abstract: This presentation talks about standard message and primitive requirement in support of Media Independent Paging Service in multi-radio environment.

IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements

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Agenda
Motivation Idle Mode and Paging Paging in multi radio environment Standard Message and Primitive Requirements

Motivation
For a single radio MN, idle Mode and Paging has already been proposed independently in WiMax, 3GPP and WiFi to extend battery standby time In a multi radio environment, the MN may have multiple radios and each radio may be in connected or idle state. There is an opportunity to provide paging service via connected radio and aggregate paging messages across multi radios
Fewer paging messages across network infrastructure Fewer number of active radios on MN

Multi Radio Paging can lead to considerable power saving at the MN and also provide radio/network/device resource optimization at the mobile communication infrastructure

Use Case of Idle Mode & Paging with a single Radio

Paging

Data packets
Paging Controller Paging Paging Paging

Exit Idle Mode Location Update

Enter Idle Mode

Data packets Idle Mode messages

3GPP- LTE Paging

UE enters IDLE mode when there is no activity. Discontinuous Reception (DRX) UE uses DRX in IDLE mode, i.e. wakes up periodically to check for paging messages. UE learns DRX cycle length upon network entry from the eNodeB. UE is registered at Tracking Area Level.

3GPP-LTE Network Architecture

MME/UPE MME/UPE
UE

3GPP-LTE Paging Protocols

e N B sin T A M M E /U P E
U s e r D a ta B u ffe r d a ta Check U E s ta te , T A P a g in g M e s s a g e P a g in g M e s s a g e

EPC S1

X2
eNB

E-UTRAN
eNB

P a g in g R e s p o n se P a g in g R es p o n se U P es ta b lish m e n t

X2
eNB

X2

E n cry p t ed d a ta

WiMAX Paging

Paging controller (PC) is a logical entity that administers activity of Idle mode MS. It may be co-located with BS or ASN Gateway. A PC may monitor one or more paging groups. Paging Agent (PA) entity, co-located with BS, handles the interaction between PC and paging functionality implemented in BS. Location Register (LR) is a database that contains information about Idle mode MSs. PC is responsible for sending paging messages and handling location updates.
7

WLAN Paging
Idle Mode Operation
STA advertises Paging Capability Discovery Non-AP STA enters Idle Mode AP broadcasts Paging Indications (partial virtual bitmap), and STA wakes up to receive paging indication Non-AP STA exits Idle Mode Paging Group (PG) - a group of APs in which STA can be paged A Mobility Domain comprises one or more Paging Groups A STA must reassociate if it transitions to an AP in a different Paging Group Paging Server Provides Paging Services and Paging key management Serves one or more Paging Groups
Paging group #1
A P A P

Paging Server #1
A P A P

A P

A P

A P

A P

Paging Server #2
Paging group #3

A P

A P

A P

A P

A P

Paging group #2
A P

Paging Summary in a single radio environment

For each individual Radio, Key Paging Messages
Paging Capability Discovery Enter/Exit Idle Mode Location Update (sent by MN aka Idle Mode Update)
MS sends location update to the infrastructure

Paging Indication (sent by infrastructure)

MS periodically wakes up to check whether it is being paged or not

Key Concept and Logical Entity

Paging Group Paging Server (or Paging Controller)

Multi Radio Paging and Benefits

In a multi radio environment, the MN may have multiple radios and each radio may be in connected or idle states Multi Radio Paging Benefits All Paging messages via the connected radio
Paging Indication Message sent via the connected radio Location Update via the connected radio

Paging aggregation minimizes message exchange

Paging Indication Message aggregation Location Update aggregation Idle Mode Enter/Exit aggregation

Therefore, what do we need from standards ?

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Proposed Standard Engagements

IEEE 802.21: Standard Message Primitives
Paging capability Primitives Location Update Primitives Enter/Exit Idle Mode (Radio State update) Primitives Paging Indication Primitives

IEEE 802.16, 802.11, LTE (?): MAC layer messages

RAN specific Containers/Transport to carry above messages

IETF/3GPP: IP Layer messages (back end)

Messages between Paging Controllers Between Paging Controller and PoA (BS/AP).

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Call to Action
Form a study group in 802.21 to study Paging service in multi radio environment Investigate requirement for standards based multi radio primitives

12

Reference
21-06-0701-00-0000-Media independent idle mode and paging.ppt, by Muthaih Venkatachalam (Intel Corporation) 11-06-0950-04-000v-wlan-paging-and-idle-mode.ppt, by Emily Qi et al

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Backup

14

Paging via connected radio

Scenario User is browsing on the WiFi interface User gets a voip call on the WiMAX interface. WiMAX network needs to page the user
MS receiving Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface
Isy u ra ioinc n e te or d onc d m d inM oe S _a?

BS/AP Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface

1a

Isy u ra ioinc n e te or d onc d m d inM oe S _a?

1b

Yes! r_k is in connected mode in MS_a

In r P c te C o

-o in tio rd a n

Paging announce on r_k to turn on r_i

MSG #1, #2, #3, #4, and #5: IETF

Paging announce on r_k to turn on r_i

M _a S

B /A S P o ra ior f d _k

P C o ra ior f d

_k

P C o ra ior f d

_i

P or C f

_j

15

Location Update via connected radio

User has WiFi connection that is currently active and WiMAX connection that is idle. Instead of contending on the WiMAX airlink, MS uses the WiFi radio to perform location update for its WiMAX radio
MS Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information BS/AP Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

L f rr U o

_k

(sno r d et nai o r_i)

L f rr U o

_k

(sno r d et nai o r_i )

LU for r_k

n radio r_i) (sent o

LU_RSP for MS

All MSGs: IETF

L U _R f rM So S P L _R f rM U So S P r_i) B /A S P or d r f ai o _i P C or d r f ai o P C or d r f ai o (sno et n

_i

_k

16

Aggregated Location Update

If the PGs are overlapping, perform a single LU operation for multiple radios. Minimizes messaging and processing at the MS

Extended Location Update Message for Multi radio: IEEE 802.16, 802.11

L fo r U r

_i,j,k (s n o et n ra ior _i) d

L fo r U r

_i,j,k (s n o et n ra ior _i) d L fo r U r _k (s n o ra ior et n d _i)

MSGs: IETF

LU for r_j (sent on radio r_i)

LU_RSP for MS

L _R Pfo M U S r S L _R Pfo M U S r S L _R Pfo M U S r S r_i) M S (s n o et n

B /A S P o ra ior f d _i

P C o ra ior f d

_i

P C o ra ior f d

_j

P C o ra ior f d

_k

MS Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

BS/AP Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

17

Paging-aggregation
Page on a single idle radio to wake up multiple idle radios.

BS/AP Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface

MS receiving Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface

Paging on r_i (meant for radios r_i,j,k)

Extended Paging Announcement Message for Multi radio: IEEE 802.16, 802.11
M S

Paging on r_i (meant for radios r_i,j,k)

IM x fo r e it r

_i,j,k

B /A S P o ra ior f d _i

P C o ra ior f d

_i

B /P S C o ra ior f d _j

B /P S C o ra ior f d _k

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Idle mode Entry/Exit

Extended Idle Mode Request/Response messages for Multi radio: IEEE 802.16, 802.11
1 IM_e ntry fo r _i, r_j, r_k r (s t on rad r en io _i) 2
IM_entry for MS on r_i, r_j, r_k (sent on radio r_i)

Scenario: Multiple radios are switched to idle mode

For example: when the user takes a break, his WiMAX, WiFi and 3G connections may go into idle mode

IM Entry/Exit for radios i, j , k happens on radio-i.

IM_entry for MS

IM_e try for M n S

MSGs: IETF (IP Paging?)

IM_entry_RSP for MS (paging parameters for r_j)

IM_e try _R Pfo M n S r S

(c ta s pa ing pa m for r on in g ra s

_k)

7
IM_entry_RSP for MS(paging params for r_i,j,k)

IM_e try _R Pfo M n S r S (pa in p ra s fo r g g a m r _i,j,k)

M S

B /A S P o ra r _i f dio

P C of rad r io

_i

P C o rad r f io

_j

P C of rad r io

_k

MS Enter/Exit Idle Mode Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

BS/AP Enter/Exit Idle Mode Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information 19