RESULTS OF THE WAR OF 1812

Revealed weaknesses in our government

Especially in the nations finances and in defense

Great Britain would never again underestimate the American spirit

US and Britain would be more willing to settle their differences diplomatically

Americans emerged more united, more patriotic, and more filled with national pride than ever before Star-Spangled Banner would become our national anthem

POST-WAR REPUBLICAN PLATFORM

Henry

Clays American System

Funds for national defense Frigates for the navy A standing army and federal control of the militia Federal aid for building roads and canals A protective tariff to encourage manufacturing Reestablishing the national bank Federal assumption of some state debts

TARIFF OF 1816

Established to protect Americas infant industries

Cotton, iron, and wool production

South Carolina strongly supported the Tariff of 1816

John C. Calhoun agreed because he believed the US needed to build up its army, pay its national debt, and develop its new industries The only way for America to be truly independent

The rest of the South argued mightily against the tariff

THE SECOND BANK OF THE UNITED STATES

The

National Bank was not rechartered in 1811, so its doors were closed No central bank to finance the war Private banks began issuing their own currency National debt soared as the value of the state bank notes and federal bonds declined April 10, 1816- Madison signed the charter of the Second National Bank of the United States to create order

CALHOUNS BONUS BILL

December

1816- Calhoun introduced a bill to provide for the building of new roads and canals to tie the nation together The New Bank of the United States was to provide $1.5 million for these projects February 1817- Congress passes the bill

MADISON VETOES THE BONUS BILL

Madison

vetoed the bill based on the old idea of unconstitutionality of such governmental powers
Crushed the idea of the American System and inflamed sectionalism New roads, canals, and eventually railroads tied the West to the manufacturing centers of the North South remained tied to agriculture and slavery as a result

ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS

Slogan that accompanied James Monroe into the office of the Presidency No political strife as the Federalist Party officially died in 1816 Jeffersonian Republicans had taken on the platform policies of the Federalists Republican Party was doomed as well as there was no opposition to keep them together Sectionalism rose and a coherent national agenda disappeared

ECONOMIC SECTIONALISM

North

and Eastcommerce and industry South- agriculture West- small, subsistence farms

ECONOMIC SECTIONALISM
Sectional

interests produced conflicting ideas about major political topics

Tariff Banks Internal improvements (roads and canals) Slavery The right to vote

Economic

downturn in 1819 brought these differences to light

US-BRITISH RELATIONS IMPROVE

US

and Britain agreed

No warships on the Great Lakes To not arm the border lands between the US and Canada Longest unfortified international border in the world The 49th parallel would mark the boundary between Canada and the US from Lake of the Woods in Minnesota to the Rocky Mountains Joint occupation of the Oregon territory for ten years

SPAIN CEDES FLORIDA

General Andrew Jackson was sent to defend American settlers along the Florida-Georgia border Jackson chased Indians deep into Florida (Spanish Territory) and captured Spanish forts at Pensacola and St. Marks Jackson executed two Englishmen for allegedly supplying arms to the Indians Jackson returned to Tennessee in 1818 and had turned Florida into a conquered American province

SPAIN CEDES FLORIDA

Jacksons actions had caused division within the nation and the government Southerners and Westerners had received Jackson as a hero Monroes Administration was embarrassed

Could have caused war with Spain or Britain

Secretary of State John Q. Adams sided with Jackson and issued Spain an ultimatum

Control the Indians or sell Florida to the US

ADAMS-ONIS TREATY, 1819

America

purchased Florida for $5 million

Amount of money that Spain was being sued for by American merchants during the Napoleonic Wars

Established

solid boundaries between Louisiana and Spanish holdings in the West US gave up its claim of part of Texas Spain gave up its claim of the Pacific Northwest