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CE 715 Communication Engineering Lab: Presented by
CE 715 Communication Engineering Lab: Presented by
CE 715 Communication Engineering Lab: Presented by
Presented by
Abhisha devi.C.M(11CE01F) Tessy Abraham(11CE29F)
Receiver implementation
Circuit Diagrams
O/P
Output waveform
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Experiment:3
Spectrum Analyser.
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: : : :
Observations
LO level measured at SA, Psa_LO @818 MHz = -40.63 dBm Actual LO output power, Plo = Psa_LO + Lcable = -40.63dBm + 10.36dB = -30.27dBm
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: : : :
Observations
Phase noise at 100 kHz offset = -85.27dBc/Hz Phase noise at 50 kHz offset = -84.28dBc/Hz Phase noise at 10 kHz offset = -80.10 dBc/Hz
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: : : :
LO level measured at SA, Psa_LO @818 MHz = -35.8dBm Actual LO output power, Plo = Psa_LO + Loutput_path = -35.8 dBm + 10.36 dB = -25.44 dBm
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observations
Output RF power measured at SA @868 MHz, Pout_sa_RF = -42.45 dBm Output LO power measured at SA @818 MHz, Pout_sa_LO = -35.8 dBm Output IF power measured at SA @50 MHz, Pout_sa_IF = -26.1 dBm Input RF power from the SG, Psig_gen = 15dBm Actual RF input power into the mixer, Pin_RF = Psig_gen Linput_path @868 MHz = 15 dBm 10.36 dB = --25.36 dBm RF output power measured at the SA, Pout_sa_RF = -42.45dBm Actual RF output power from the mixer, Pout_RF = Pout_sa_RF + Loutput_path @868 MHz = -42.45+10.36 dB = -32.09dBm
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Actual IF output power from the mixer, Pout_IF = Pout_sa_IF +Loutput_path @50 MHz=-26.09dBm Actual LO output power, Pout_LO = Pout_sa_LO + Loutput_path @818 MHz = -35.8 dBm + 10.36 dB = -25.44dBm Conversion loss = Actual input RF power (dBm) Actual output IF power (dBm) = Pin_RF Pout_IF = -25.36dBm +26.09 dBm = 0.73 dB RF-to-IF isolation = Actual input RF power (dBm) Actual output RF power (dBm) = Pin_RF Pout_RF = -25.36 dBm +30.3 dBm =4.94dB
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RF Input
Up converter
Frequency synthesizer
USB port
Power
amplifier LO In
Transmitter unit
PC/
Notebook l
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Settings for the signal generator (SG): CW Frequency : 868 MHz Power : 25 dBm Settings for the SA: Centre Frequency Span Input Attenuation RBW Averaging
: : : : :
Observations
Peak fundamental Frequency = 868 MHz Output power level, Pout_sa_PA = -30.6 dBm Gain at 868MHz = (Pout_sa_PA + Loutput_path) (Psig_gen Linput_path) = ( -30.6dBm + 10.36 dB) (25 dBm 10.36 dB) = 15.12 dB
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OBSERVATIONS Peak fundamental frequency = 868 MHz Output power level, Pout_sa_filter = -27.72 dBm Gain @868MHz = Actual Filter Output power, Pout Actual Filter Input power, Pin = (Pout_sa_filter + Loutput_path) (Psig_gen Linput_path) = ( -27.72 dBm + 10.36dB) (15 dBm 10.36 dB) = 8 dB Insertion loss at 868MHz = Gain at 868 MHz = -8 dB
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Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) Characterization Using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA)
Vector Network Analyzer P1 P2
SMA cable In LNA Frequency synthesizer RF Out USB cable PC/ Notebook Required accessories SMA m-m coaxial cable USB cable PC/Notebook with RF Trainer Control Panel installed Out RF In Down mixer LO In IF Out In IF band-pass filter Out In IF amplifier Out
SMA cable
USB port
Receiver unit
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: : : : :
Observations Gmax = 8.4512 dB at 880 MHz Gmax 3dB occurs at 632.45 MHz Gain at 868 MHz = 8.4391 dB
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Format Scale
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Min Return Loss = -20.461 dB at 852.5 MHz Max Return Loss = -3.483 dB at 545MHz Return Loss = -19.262 dB at 868 MHz 30
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OBSERVATIONS
3dB cutoff frequencies Lower 3dB frequency (fL) = 834.65364 MHz Upper 3dB frequency (fH) = 1.2783179 GHz 3dB bandwidth = 443.66426 MHz Centre frequency (fc) = 1056.48 MHz Insertion loss (S21) at centre frequency = -0.8507 dB
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Format Scale
: Delay : Autoscale
Experiment:6 Low pass and High pass filter simulation using ADS
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Design
For N=5,the LPF prototype design values are given by g1 = 0.6080, g2 = 1.6180, g3 = 2, g4 = 1.6180, g5 = 0.6180
LPP to LPF
LPP to HPF
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Schematic
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Result
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TL2, TL5
20.3734 mm
2.92558mm
5.00476 mm
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Schematic
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Results .
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Curve1, 2, 3 TL1, TL2, TL3, TL4 W L 20.9153mm Radius W 2.92558 mm Angle (Deg) 60 20.257 mm 3 mm
Curve 4
3 mm
20.257 mm 180
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Schematic
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Results
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schematic
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Simulation results
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calculations
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layout
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Simulation results
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Radiation pattern
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timing acquisition.
QPSK Communication: To simulate QPSK transmitter and receiver taking into account the phase and the frequency offset
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Transmitter
Receiver
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Magnitude
50
100
150
350
400
450
500
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0.8
Magnitude
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.2
10
20
30
40
50 60 Bit Duration
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80
90
100
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Q channel
0.5
Magnitude
0.5
Magnitude
-0.5
-0.5
-1
-1
-1.5
1 0.8
50
100
150
200
250
-1.5
50
200
250
1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1
0.6 0.4
Magnitude
Rx samples# in a sequence
Decision variable 80 60 40 20 0 -2
50
200
250
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QPSK Transmitter
QPSK Receiver
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Results
For baseband loop
Transmitted signal 1 0.8 0.6 0.4
Magnitude
50
100
150
350
400
450
500
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-100
-50
0 50 In Phase Component
100
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x 10 6
6 5 4
Quadrature Component
3
Quadrature Component
2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -6 -4 -2 0 2 In Phase Component 4 6 x 10
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-2
-4
-6 -6 -4 -2 0 2 In Phase Component 4 6 8 x 10
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0.5
Quadrature Component
-0.5
-1
-1
-0.5
1.5
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IF feedback loop
Constellation of Received Signal 80 60 40
Quadrature Component
20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 In Phase Component 40 60 80 100
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x 10 5
4 3
Quadrature Component
Quadrature Component
2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
-2
-4
-6 -6 -4 -2 0 2 In Phase Component 4 6 x 10
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-5 -6 -4 -2 0 2 In Phase Component 4 6 x 10
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Quadrature Component
0.5
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-1
-0.5
1.5
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Thank you
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