Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Simulations
Simulations
Simulations
Learning Objectives
Explain the reasons for simulation, such as to change time-scales and/or save costs and/or avoid danger Describe the uses of simulation to assist in design, to make predictions, to test hypotheses.
Simulations
A computer pretending to carry out a physical action by performing the necessary calculations.
Can be done only if the physical action can be portrayed as the result of a series of formulae and their results, acting upon one another. Possible because a computer system has the ability to perform a large number of calculations in a short space of time.
Setting up a simulation
In a simulated simulation there are a number of variables that control the outcome and the results that may be predicted. The values of these variables do not just appear by magic but must be collected and that sensible limits should be set within which the variable values must lie. The results will be based on the use of these variables in specific formulae that relate the variables to one another.
The results are the best that can be expected for those data that are collected.
A computer can be programmed to take the characteristics of each possible system and report how well they will work, at a fraction of the cost.
Limitations of Simulations
The results produced are subject to a degree of error, the size of which will result from, not just the validity of the variable values and the relationships, but also the validity of the model that is used. Some events are so complex that it is impossible to design a model for them, Human behaviour does not normally follow easily interpreted relationships.
E.g. Lottery
If it were possible to predict the outcome of the lottery draw then there would be some very rich computer programmers. Mathematically, the outcome is not random and should be predictable, perhaps by modelling the behaviour of the individual atoms inside the machine that chooses the balls. However, this is impossible, certainly with present technology.
Plenary
Give reasons for needing to use computer simulation, giving an example of a use for each.
Plenary
Impossible to do otherwise because technology does not exist
e.g. train astronauts to land on Mars