CONICS

Faculty: Team Composition: Madalasa Venkataraman Monil Jain Pradeep Lunia Pragyan Agrawal Preeti Ghorawat Raguraj R Sheena Anand

CONICS

In mathematics, a conic section is a curve obtained by intersecting a cone (more precisely, a right circular conical surface) with a plane. In analytic geometry, a conic may be defined as a plane algebraic curve of degree 2. It can be defined as the locus of points whose distances are in a fixed ratio to some point, called a focus, and some line, called a directrix.

VISUALISATION OF CONICS

ANIMATION

Basics of Conics

In geometry, the foci are a pair of special points with reference to which any of a variety of curves is constructed. For example, foci can be used in defining conic sections, the four types of which are the circle, ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola. In geometry, a locus is a collection of points which share a property. For example a circle may be defined as the locus of points in a plane at a fixed

The directrix of a conic section is the line which, together with the point known as the focus, serves to define a conic section as the locus of points whose distance from the focus is proportional to the horizontal distance from the directrix In mathematics, the eccentricity, denoted as e , is a parameter associated with every conic section. It can be thought of as a measure of how much the conic section deviates from being circular.

Conics: Parabola

In mathematics, the parabola is a conic section, the intersection of a right circular conical surface and a plane. Given a point (the focus) and a corresponding line (the directrix) on the plane, the locus of points in that plane that are equidistant from them is a parabola.

The line perpendicular to the directrix and passing through the focus is called the "axis of symmetry". The point on the axis of symmetry that intersects the parabola is called the "vertex". The vertex is the point where the curvature is greatest.
Parabolas can open up, down, left, right, or in some other arbitrary direction.

Continued

Formula:

a : Focal Length (Distance between vertex and focus) e (Eccentricity): The eccentricity of a parabola is 1.

Conics: Ellipse
In geometry, an Ellipse is a plane curve that results from the intersection of a cone by a plane in a way that produces a closed curve An ellipse is also the locus of all points of the plane whose distances to two fixed points add to the same constant.

Continued

Formula:

The eccentricity of an ellipse which is not a circle is greater than zero but less than 1.

Conics: Circle
Circles are special cases of ellipses, obtained when the cutting plane is orthogonal to the cone's axis. A circle can be more simply defined as the locus of points each of which is a fixed distance from a single given focus. Formula: X2 + Y2 = a2 Where a = radius of circle. The eccentricity of a circle is zero.

Conics: Hyperbola

Similar to a parabola, a hyperbola is an open curve, meaning that it continues indefinitely to infinity, rather than closing on itself as an ellipse does. A hyperbola consists of two disconnected curves called its arms or branches

The closest distance of the two branches connecting their vertices is called the transverse axis or major axis corresponding to the major diameter of an ellipse. The midpoint of the transverse axis is known as the hyperbola's center. The distance a from the center to each vertex is sometimes called the semimajor axis. Outside of the transverse axis are the two focal points (foci) of the hyperbola.

FORMULA:

The eccentricity of a hyperbola is greater than 1.

Thanks!
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