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    Unit 1 - Nutrition and Metabolism

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    Christopher Morales
    This document discusses hormones and their role in metabolism and controlling blood sugar levels. It describes how glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas regulate various hormones that impact growth, development, metabolism, and other bodily functions. Key hormones discussed include insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and leptin which influence blood glucose levels and hunger. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate the thyroid, adrenals, and other glands through releasing hormones including TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, and LH.

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    Unit 1 - Nutrition and Metabolism

    Uploaded by

    Christopher Morales
    22 views28 pages
    This document discusses hormones and their role in metabolism and controlling blood sugar levels. It describes how glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas regulate various hormones that impact growth, development, metabolism, and other bodily functions. Key hormones discussed include insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and leptin which influence blood glucose levels and hunger. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate the thyroid, adrenals, and other glands through releasing hormones including TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, and LH.

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    BIO_180_Lec_3_SU

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    This document discusses hormones and their role in metabolism and controlling blood sugar levels. It describes how glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas regulate various hormones that impact growth, development, metabolism, and other bodily functions. Key hormones discussed include insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and leptin which influence blood glucose levels and hunger. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate the thyroid, adrenals, and other glands through releasing hormones including TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, and LH.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    22 views28 pages

    Unit 1 - Nutrition and Metabolism

    Uploaded by

    Christopher Morales
    This document discusses hormones and their role in metabolism and controlling blood sugar levels. It describes how glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas regulate various hormones that impact growth, development, metabolism, and other bodily functions. Key hormones discussed include insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and leptin which influence blood glucose levels and hunger. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate the thyroid, adrenals, and other glands through releasing hormones including TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, and LH.

    Copyright:

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    of 28

    Unit 1 - Nutrition and Metabolism

    Glands and their hormone messengers

    Hormones and control of blood sugar


    Leptin, ghrelin, and hunger

    Hormones
    chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of

    the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism
    Function Growth and development Metabolism Sexual function Reproduction Mood

    Glands
    Exocrine Secrete products into a duct that is on a body surface and outside of the bloodstream Ductal glands

    Endocrine Secrete hormones into the bloodstream Endocrine and neuroendocrine system

    Hormones
    Exocrine Autocrine Affects the cell that is secreting it Epinephrine released by cells in the adrenal glands affects the function of those cells Paracrine Affects cells close to the cell secreting it Histamine released by cells in damaged tissue affects other cells in that damaged region Endocrine Released into the bloodstream to affect cells in different parts of the body Testosterone secreted by testis affects cells hair cells all over the body

    Exocrine glands
    Sweat glands

    Salivary glands
    Mammary glands

    Exocrine glands
    Sweat glands Cooling body moisten skin Releases water, electrolytes, and some chemicals Salivary glands Secrete amylase to break down carbohydrates Moistens food to aid in swallowing Mammary glands Produce milk to feed young

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland
    Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Thyroid gland Thyroxine Increased metabolism Growth

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland
    Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Adrenal gland Cortisol Increased metabolism increased blood glucose Increases bone growth Suppresses immune system

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland
    Growth hormone (GH) Pancreas (beta cells) insulin Increased metabolism increased energy storage decreased blood glucose

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland
    Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Ovaries Estrogen and progesterone Triggers ovulation Regulates bone and muscle growth and fat deposition

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland
    Luteinizing hormone (LH) (females) Ovaries/uterus Triggers ovulation Prepares uterus to carry fetus Luteinizing hormone (LH) (males) testis Testosterone Male sex hormone Regulates bone and muscle growth

    Hypothalamus/Pituitary gland
    Antidiuretic hormone (ADH); vasopressin

    Adrenal glands

    Adrenal glands
    Cortisol Increases blood glucose and bone growth Epinephrine

    fight-or-flight response increases heart rate constricts blood vessels dilates air passages

    Pancreas

    Pancreas
    Endocrine

    Islets of Langerhans (islet cells) Alpha glucagon raises blood sugar Beta insulin lowers blood sugar Delta somatostain regulates alpha and beta Releases enzymes into capillaries

    Exocrine

    Amylase, protease, lipase, nuclease Pancreatic duct empties into duodenum

    Pancreas

    Regulation of blood sugar


    pancreas insulin blood glucose

    pancreas adrenal gland adrenal gland

    glucagon cortisol epinephrine

    blood glucose blood glucose blood glucose

    pituitary gland

    growth hormone

    blood glucose

    Hunger and Satiety

    Hunger and Satiety

    ghrelin and leptin act on the hypothalamus

    Next week: Week 4


    Hand in Class 3 Worksheet Bring Diabetes Case Study to class

    Due in two weeks: Week 5


    Diabetes Case Study Essay and Presentation Extra Credit Diet Presentation

    Case Study 1 Essay


    Read Morgan diabetes case study Write a 3-5 page essay in response to the activity after

    Part 2

    Alone or in group of up to three include everyones name Be sure to describe at least 2 pros and 2 con for each of the three plans: Atkins diet, Ephedra, exercise Form persuasive argument that one of the three plans is best for Morgan to follow to control diabetes Cite appropriate sources in bibliography; no plagiarism Follow rubric on Moodle Submit on Moodle one person can submit per group

    ***upload document using Case Study 1 Essay link***

    Be prepared to debate the pros/cons of each diet plan in

    next class period

    Extra credit - Participation Grade


    Research a popular diet plan not described in

    Morgan Write 1-2 page summary, 2-3 minute presentation Describe pros/cons of diet Must cite facts from multiple appropriate source Up to 6 points EC for written portion Up to 4 points for presenting to class *Must be handed in on time for any credit*

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