2

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics


1 1


1 1
GDP



8
7
6

Count

5
4
3
2
1
2

24
23

26
25

28
27

30
29

33
32

35
34

37
36

39
38

41
40

43
42

Age

45
44

47
46

49
48

51
50

53
52

57
56

(Scatter Diagram)

2.4

200

0
1
2
3
4
5

25
28
40
32
40
35
200

2.4

200

0
25
0.125
1
28
0.140
2
40
0.200
3
32
0.160
4
40
0.200
5
35
0.175

200
1






k = 1 + 3.322 (log10 n)
k =
n =

w = Rk
w =
R = ( )
k =


2.4.1.4 ( 59)
2551
54
152 153 145 153 144 148 148 150 144 144 146 147 147
140 145 147 135 135 145 143 143 140 136 138 143 134
134 129 134 139 155 154 149 149 158 181 152 154 151
153 146 147 147 147 151 156 154 158 151 154 161 154
147 147

1.
k = 1 + 3.322 (log10 n)
k = 1 + 3.322 (log10 54), (log10 54 = 1.73)
k = 1 + 3.322 (1.73)
= 1 + 5.747
= 6.747
7

2.
R = ( )
R =
= 161 129
= 32
3.
w = Rk
= 32 7
= 4.57
5

 2.4.6 ( 60)

128 - 132
133 - 137
138 - 142
143 - 147
148 - 152
153 - 157
158 - 162

1
6
4
19
10
10
4
54

1.9
11.1
7.4
35.2
18.5
18.5
7.4
100


2.4.3 ( 65)

Chart Title

128 - 132
133 - 137
138 - 142
143 - 147
148 - 152
153 - 157
158 - 162


2.4.4 ( 66)
Chart Title

128 - 132
133 - 137
138 - 142
143 - 147
148 - 152

153 - 157
158 - 162

2.5

2.5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Chart Title

2.5

Exponential

2.6

Small Standard Deviation

Different Means
Same Standard Deviations

Large Standard Deviation

Same Means
Different Standard Deviations

Different Means
Different Standard Deviations



2.9.1

1. Mean (Arithmetic Mean)

2. Median
3. Mode

24


(Arithmetic Mean)

(Mean Average)

 (Median)

Middle rank

(n 1)
2

2

2

 (Mode)

2.9.1.4 ( 81)
10

1 2
20 21

3
20

4
20

5
34

6
22

7
24

8
27

9
27

10
27

1.
(Mean)

= 24.2

2. (Median)

10

20

20 20 21

22

24

27

27

27

34

3. (Mode)

2 20 27

2.9.2


1. (Range)
2. (Variance)
3. (Standard Deviation: SD)

31

1. (Range)

R =
R =

2. (Variance)

2
2 ( xi x )
S

n 1

3. (Standard Deviation)
S S
2

(x x)

n 1

32

 2.9.1.4 ( 81)
10
1 2
20 21

3
20

4
20

5
34

6
22

7
24

8
27

9
27

10
27

1. (Range)
R =
= 34 20
= 14
33

2. (Variance)
S2

( xi x )

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

n 1

xi

20
21
20
20
34
22
24
27
27
27

187.6
20.84
10 1
x

24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.2

xi x

-4.2
-3.2
-4.2
-4.2
9.8
-2.2
-0.2
2.8
2.8
2.8

x
i

( xi x) 2

17.64
10.24
17.64
17.64
96.04
4.84
0.04
7.84
7.84
7.84

24 .2

187.6
34

3. (Standard Deviation: SD)

S

(x

x)

n 1

20.84 4.57

35