PROJECT TITLE

METRO TRAIN PROTOTYPE USING MICROCONTROLLER

presented byNAVEEN KANT SINGH

INTRODUCTION
We have tried to make the journey safe,

fast and enjoyable by the user Anti collision system Message Display Automatic stoppage Wireless transmission of present stoppage

Designed to understand the technology used

Project Description

in modern driver less metro train. Trains are equipped with CPU, which controls the train. There will be no collision with any other train. Train is programmed for specific path. Every station on path is defined. Stoppage timing of train and distance between two stations is predefined.

 We try to make prototype for these type of Metro Trains. We use 8051 as CPU. The motion of Train is controlled by L239D IC , which drives

In This Project

dc motor.
LCD Display of 2*16 characters is used for displaying

messages in the train.

The stoppage time at a station is taken to be 2 seconds. The time taken by train between two consecutive stations

is taken as 6 seconds.

 LEDs are used as Indicators to show the train

In This Project (Contd.)

direction i.e. Green LED will glow for next coming station , and Red LED will glow for the passed station
It also have BUZZER system. As train is going to

leave a station, buzzer blows.

Train will be automatically stopped if any obstacle

found in its path. This will help in occurrence of anti collision

It will resume journey after emergency situation is

List of Components Used

Sr. No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Equipment

Quantity
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1

89C2051 MC L239D IC HT 12E IC 433 MHz Transmitter LED Infrared Photo diode LM 385 Opamp BC547 Transister Resistance (220, 10k ) ohm Capacitor 89S52 MC LED (Red , Green) Display (2X16) HT12D IC 433 MHz Receiver Buzzer

Block Diagram

BUZZER
Most commonly

called Piezo Sensor which Produces sound when waves of different frequencies are applied to this sensor. Commonly used in hooter or Speakers .

Anti collision system

How it works
This section consist of an IR transmitter

and Receiver.
When some object comes in front

of the train transmitter dose not

able to contact with the receiver.

output gets high and sends a signal to microcontroller. Obstacle detected message on display

Encoder

How Encoder works

HT12Eis anencoder integrated circuitof

212series of encoders. They are paired with 212series of decoders for use in remote control system applications. It is mainly used in interfacing RF and infrared circuits. The chosen pair of encoder/decoder should have same number of addresses and data format.

Simply put, HT12E converts the parallel inputs into

serial output. It encodes the 12 bit parallel data into serial for transmission through an RF transmitter. These 12 bits are divided into 8 address bits and 4 data bits.

Decoder

How Decoder works

HT12Dis adecoder integrated circuitthat belongs

to 212series of decoders. This series of decoders are mainly used for remote control system applications, like burglar alarm, car door controller, security system etc. It is mainly provided to interface RF and infrared circuits.They are paired with 212series of encoders. The chosen pair of encoder/decoder should have same number of addresses and data format.
In simple terms, HT12D converts the serial input into

parallel outputs. HT12D is capable of decoding 12 bits, of which 8 are address bits and 4 are data bits. The data on 4 bit latch type output pins remain unchanged until new is received.

LCD Interfacing

FUTURE SCOPE OF THIS PROJECT

This Project is useful in developing countries

& this project has a bright future as it is being used in countries like Germany, France & Japan. This project helps us to control train without a driver and the stations are shown on the LCD so the passenger doesnt have any type of difficulty. This project will lead to increase in technological trends & this will help the people in many ways.